A SHORT AND PLAIN VIEW 

OF THE OUTWARD, YET SACRED 

RIGHTS AND ORDINANCES 

OF THE 

HOUSE OF GOD, 

A'S COMMANDED TO BE OBSERVED BY THE TRUE 
STEWARD, 

JESUS CHRIST, 

AgD DEPOSITED IN HIS LA St WILL AND gflgS- 

^AMENT, ARRANGED IN A CONVER- 
SATION BEfV/EEN A 

FATHER AND SON. 



BY ALEXANDER MACK : 
Translated into English by a friend to religion. 



PHILADELPHIA: 
PRINTED BY JOHN BIN^S, 

1810 



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*y 



*oS 






INTRODUCTION. 



GOD is omnipotent ; yea, and to the diso- 
bedient, has at all times been a dreadful God, 
this was clearly evinced in the punishment of 
ou % first parents, in paradise, for their disobedi- 
enco ; and aftervards by his marked displea- 

, with his people Israel for disobeying his 
lav/ : he that despised Moses' law died without 
mercy, under two or three witnesses. A punc- 
tilious observance of the law was required, 
therefore he enjoins upon his people by his ser- 
vant Moses. Deut. 4 chap. Now, therefore, 
hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes, and unto 
the judgments which I teach you, for to do 
them, that ye may live, and go in to possess the 
land which the Lord God of your fathers giveth 
you. Ye shall not add unto the word which I 
command you, neither shall ye diminish aught 
from it, that ye may keep the commandments 
oi the Lord your God, which I command 
you. Nothing could be more positive than the 



( 4 ; 

command, nothing more certain than that a 
scrupulous attention and obedience was requir- 
ed by those to whom it was communicated 

No less evident is it, that God requires obedi- 
ence to all things that in these last times have 
been revealed and communicated to all the 
world by his son ; to them that are called Christ- 
ians, especially, that they might as children of 
the same family, be of one mind, of the same 
judgment, and cultivate a unity of sentiment, 
following the example of the good shepherd, 
keeping his commands, to which the promise of 
eternal life is annexed as a powerful incentive 
for us to obey in all things, both great and small, 
though it may admit of a doubt, whether any of 
the commands of Christ may be termed small as 
they originate from the highest authority, for this 
cause the baptism with water, that Jesus com- 
manded to be performed in his name, as well 
as all other ordinances and commands recorded 
in his will, merit our attention and obedience, 
for as he is, who has ordained them under the 
new covenant, so are we to consider his com- 
mands, and the promises which he hath annex- 
ed thereto, namely, life everlasting in addition 
to all the gifts of his grace, and his holy spirit 
with which we are priviledged in this world ; 
such therefore, who are rebellious and disobedi- 
ent to his divine commands, have wrath and in- 
dignation to fear, as St. Paul says in his 2d epis- 
tle to the Thessalonians, that the son of God shall 
come in flaming fire, taking vengeance on them 



( 5 ) 

that know not God, and obey not the gospel. A 
similar denunciation we find in Rev. 22. 18, 19, 
if any man shall take away from the words of 
the book of this prophecy (by which the doc- 
trines of Christ are intended) God shall take 
away his part out of the book of life, and if 
any man shall add unto these things, God shall 
add unto him the plagues that are written 
in this book. Our object in publishing this 
book, is to endeavour to bring these things to 
mind, in order that he that reads may under- 
stand what the Lord requires of him, and be 
obedient in all things that he may go in and 
possess the land. That the abuses which have 
crept into the Christian Church, may be studi- 
ously avoided by a strict conformity in all things 
to the word of God. 



A2 



PREFACE. 



KIND and courteous reader, whoever 
thou art, into whose hand this book may come. 

In order to profit by the perusal of a treatise, 
and to apprehend the designs thereof, we shall 
find that advantages will be derived, by laying 
aside ail prejudice, and with an impartial and 
unbiassed mind, and with a love of truth, inves- 
tigate the subjects, with the evidence therein 
adduced ; and after having proved all things 
according to the standard of truth, hold fast 
that which is good : being guided and assisted 
therein, by the grace and mercy of our God, 
weighing all things in the balance of the sanc- 
tuary ; namely, the testimony of our Lord, and 
the scriptures of the Apostles and Prophets. 

The necessity of such a frame of mind, will 
appear to be indispensible, when we consider 
the danger arising from a bias of the mind, in 
the examination of the best performances, or m 



( 8 ) 

suffering ourselves to be carried away by the 
current of popular prejudice, whereby our judg- 
ments become darkened, and the true spirit of 
examination dethroned ; the consequences of 
which will be uncertainty and confusion ; the 
native result of selfishness and pride ; occasion- 
ing that state of mind compared to night, 
wherein if a man walk, he stumbleth to 
such a state of mind, even Christ himself, and 
his glorious gospel, is a subject of cavil, or a 
stone of stumbling ; and a rock of offence. If 
there be any, who by criticism, or by a spirit of 
disputation, would wish to bring themselves into 
notice, by cavilling at this well meant per- 
formance; they are cautioned in a friendly 
manner, and in the spirit of love are reminded 
that from a regard to themselves, and with a 
view to avoid unnecessary trouble, lest they 
should be found to engage in a contest, that 
they would not be able to prosecute, although 
they meet with no one to oppose them, or to 
contend with them, the accusations of con- 
science as an impartial Judge, will plead for the 
truth ; and is sufficiently powerful in the breast 
of every one, to command an audience, sooner 
or later, to him therefore who is an impartial 
reader, the following remarks, will serve as a 
satisfactory introduction to the work. 

It pleased God, in the beginning of the last 
century to cause his saving grace to be expe- 
rienced, and the voice of his mercy, to be heard 
by many, stirring them up to repentance, and 



( 9 ) 

awakening them from the sleep and death of sin, 
to seek salvation and a permanent rest in Jesus, 
who viewing at the same time the general de- 
fection, and departure, from the genuine prin- 
ciples of Christianity ; and feeling their minds 
devoutly pressed, and inclined to bear a testi- 
mony to the truth ; and for this purpose private 
meetings were established, for the edification ; 
and building up of the newly awakened souls ; 
this laudable undertaking, was however soon 
powerfully opposed, by the jealous and embit* 
tered ecclesiastics ; influencing the earthly 
power, and commencing a series of persecu- 
tion, in various places, namely : in Switzerland, 
in Wirtemberg, in the Palatinate and at Hesse 
Cassel ; where they were cast out as exiles ; 
but the Lord provided for them a place of rest, 
or security, in Witgenstein, under the protec- 
tion of a prince, emminent for his moderation, 
where also, the awakening power of God, had 
previously found its way to the hearts of some 
honorable females of his court ; there at a place 
called Schwartzenau, in the vicinity of Berlen- 
berg, liberty of conscience, was graciously af- 
forded them. Witgenstein, though a rough, 
and barren country, by becoming the place of 
refuge to the awakened, who now, very general- 
ly resorted to Schwartzenau, became in the 
course of few years, a place of considerable re- 
pute, though otherwise little thought of. 

Of the number that collected here, there were 
those of different opinions; habits, and manners ; 



( io ) 

they were all denominated pietists, but they con- 
sidered each other as brethren ; here circum- 
stances very soon occurred, which led to con- 
clude, that the salutary counsel of our Lord, 
Matthew 18, if thy brother trespass against thee, 
go and tell him his fault, between thee and him, 
alone &c. is not acceptable, or practicable, 
where a fraternity is unorganized by obedience 
to the truths of the gospel ; here also some 
turned back again to the religion, from whence 
they came out, being offended at the discipline 
of the Cross ; others fostered a spirit of li- 
bertinism, more to be dreaded in its con- 
sequences, than their former depravity, there 
were some however, who, notwithstanding this 
state of perturbation, were sincerely desirous of 
finding the footsteps of the primitive Chris- 
tians, and following and imitating the example 
of Jesus Christ ; and apprehend and appre- 
ciate the testimony and commands of the head 
of the Church ; being fully convinced, of 
the necessity of faith and obedience, in order 
to the obtaining salvation ; their solicitude pav- 
ed the way to the discovery of the ordinance of 
baptism, which they considered as the door to 
that union and organization, which they ear- 
nestly desired. The subject of Baptism, under- 
went various discussions among the pietists and 
spoken of, in such manner, as to grieve the 
hearts of the lovers of truth. 

Till in the year 1708, 8 persons entered into a 
covenant with each other, by the help of God, tf> 



(. il ) 

endeavor to attain to the answer of a good ccn- 
sience by rendering obedience to all the com- 
mands of the Lord Jesus and follow him as their 
good shepherd and leader through good and evil 
report. Those 8 persons, of whom five were 
Brethren, and three Sisters,* covenanted with 
each other, as brethren and sisters under the 
cross of our lord Jesus Christ; to dwell together 
in the unity of the faith, as a society ; by con- 
sulting history, they found that the primitive 
christians, in the first and second centuries uni- 
formly, were according to the command of 
Christ, planted into the likeness of his death, 
by baptism in water, by a three fold immersion ; 
not resting their faith, however upon the au- 
thority of history, they searched the scriptures, 
of the New Testament and finding explicit tes- 
timony, to that import, they became desirous of 
practising a mean, so strongly recommended by 
the example of our Lord, and emphatically en- 
joined by his written precept, believing that it 
became them thus to fulfill all Righteousness. 

But who should now administer the ordinance 
to them, was a difficulty not soon got over ; one 
of their number, who labored among them in 
the word, visited the societies in different parts 

* The names of the Brethren were as follows : George 
Graby and Lucas Fetter of Hesse Castle, Alexander Mack, 
of Schreisheim, in the Palatinate, Andrew Bony, of Basle, 
in Switzerland and John Kipping, from Wirtemberg ; and 
the names of the Sisters were Johanna Bony, Anna Mar- 
garetta Alack and Johariaa Kipping, 



( 12 ) 

of Germany, to collect the opinion of the awak- 
ened generally, upon the subject of Baptism, the 
greater number acknowledged that immersion, 
was the mode practised by the Apostles and 
primitive Christians, but still endeavoring to 
satisfy themselves, that an handfull of water by 
pouring, would answer the same end, provided 
it was administered to proper subjects only. 

The consciences of the beforementioned, 
could however find no satisfaction in these ; they 
therefore, desired him, who was their minister, 
to baptise them by immersion ; according to 
the example and practice of the first and best 
Christians, and all primitive believers ; he felt 
a diffidence to comply with their request on ac- 
count of his not being baptised himself, he de- 
sired therefore first to be baptized, before he 
could conscientiously baptize any of them ; they 
betook themselves to fasting and prayer, in or- 
der to obtain help and direction in this case, 
from him who is the restorer of paths to dwell 
in, for they were all desirous to be baptized ; in 
this dilemma a testimony of scripture revived 
in their minds, where two or three, are gather- 
ed together in my name, there am I in the 
midst. Wherefore with an unshaken confi- 
dence, in the precious promise of God, they 
cast lots, which of the four Brethren should 
baptize him, who was so anxiously desirous of 
being baptized, they pledged their word at the 
same time, that it should remain a secret upon 
whom the lot fell, that no one might take ocrcu' 



( 13 ) 

sion to call the Society by the name of any man, 
as was the case with the Corinthian Church, 
which was sharply reproved by the apostle. 

The crisis for the camp to move forward 
was now arrived ; they were now made willing 
in the day of the Lord's power, accordingly they 
went out in the morning, to a stream called the 
Ader, and there, he upon whom the lot had fall- 
en, baptized the brother who had discovered so 
great anxiety to submit to that ordinance ; this 
being done he was now acknowledged as duly 
qualified, he baptized him first by whom he had 
been baptized, and the remaining three breth- 
Ten and three sisters ; thus were these eight 
at an early hour in the morning, baptized in the 
water by a trine immersion ; and alter they 
came up out of the water, and had changed 
their clothes, they were filled with joy, and by 
the grace of God, these expressions were re- 
vived in their minds with peculiar energy, " be 
ye fruitful and multiply ;" this is recorded to 
have occurred in the before mentioned year, 
without reference to month or day. 

After this evidence of their love to God, by 
obeying his command, they were powerfully 
strengthened, and encouraged to bear testimony 
for the truth in their public meetings, to which 
the Lord added his blessing, and believers were 
more and more obedient, so that in the short 
space of seven years their society became nu- 
merous ; not only at Schwartzenau, but also in 
divers places in the Palatinate ; a society was 

B 



c 



14 



) 



likewise formed at Marienborn, to which the 
awakened from the Palatinate attached them- 
selves, for in endeavouring to form a society 
for themselves, they were persecuted and ban- 
ished. And even at Marienborn their external 
priviledges were soon blasted, for as the light 
diffused itself the truth spread, and their num- 
bers increased, it excited alarm and envy, per- 
secution arose ; they were driven out as exiles, 
and under the direction of Providence found an 
assylum at Crefeldt, under the jurisdiction of 
the king of Prussia. 

Within this short space of time, it pleased 
God to awaken many laborers among them, 
and send them into his vineyard, for whose 
names and places of abode you are referred to 
the note,* the greater number of whom resorted 
to Crefeldt ; some few, however, attached them- 
selves to the society at Schwartzenau. But as 
they found favor with God and men, so enemies 
of the truth were found, and persecutions be- 
cause of the word were agitated in divers places; 
here then were those vho took joyfully upon 
them the spoiling of their goods ; others expe- 
rienced bonds and imprisonments for years y 

* Names of the brethren referred to from above, were 
John H. Kalkloser, from Frankenthal, Christian Libe and 
Abraham Dubois, from Ebstein, John Naas, and others, 
from the north, Peter Baker, from Dilsheim, John H. 
Traut, and his brethren, Henry Holtzappel and Stephen 
Koch; George B. Gantz, from Umstadt, and Michael 
Eckeriing, from Strasburg. 



fa IS ) 

some also for shorter periods ; one of their 
numberf was confined on board of the gallies, 
and coupled at the galling oar with execrable 
miscreants ; from these distresses they in time 
were all conscientiously delivered, their lives 
being' given unto them for a prey. 

The persecutions which they suffered, the 
poverty, tribulation and imprisonment that they 
experienced, only made them the more joyful, 
and became prepared for new dispensations of 
trial ; their graces were tried by being arraigned 
before another tribunal, men of learning and 
abilities proved them with hard questions, with 
a view to sap their stedfastness, which questions 
to the number of 40," the reader will find pro- 
posed, with their solutions towards the sequel 
of this treatise. 

About that time it was deemed expedient to 
issue this publication, for the instruction of the 
uninformed, in which every impartial and un- 
prejudiced reader, will find sufficient matter 
connected with this preface, to justify the occa- 
sion of this production. 

In the year 1729, a number of the society 
emigrated from different parts of Germany and 
Holland to North America, where persecuted 
virtue found an assylum under the government 
of William Penn. The emigrants settled first 
at Germantown, a small village about six miles 
north from Philadelphia, where they soon form- 
ed themselves into a society, which through 

t Christian Libc 



T »6 ) 

the kind providence of God continues unto this 
day, notwithstanding repeated removals into 
different parts of the continent, where societies 
have since been formed, namely, in the interior 
of this state, in New Jersey, in Maryland, Vir- 
ginia, North Carolina, Kentucky, and in the 
state of Ohio, where instead of the fathers are 
the children, who are risen up as their success- 
ors to bear witness to the truth of those princi- 
ples, in which many of their predecessors lived 
joyfully and died triumphantly. In none of the 
churches is divine service as yet performed 
among them wholly in the English tongue, but 
in many of them partly in English and partly in 
the German; they believe that God is no respecter 
of persons, but in every nation he that feareth 
him and worketh righteousness is accepted with 
him ; and that God so loved the world that he 
gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever be- 
lieveth on him should not perish, but have ever- 
lasting life ; and that God sent his Son into the 
world, to seek and to save that which was lost, 
believing that he is able to save to the utter- 
most all that come unto God through a crucified 
Redeemer, who tasted death for every man, and 
was manifested to destroy the works of the 
devil. 

This book was re-printed in America in the 
German language, in the year 1774, by the de- 
sire of many for the benefit of the youth, in or- 
der that they might be established in the truth 
of those things, wherein they ha$ been instruct- 



( >? ) 

ed, but primarily to the glory of God, who has 
manifested his guardian care, in the rescue and 
protection of his truth in these latter days. 

To the feet of the merciful and all wise God, 
be this testimony prostrated, imploring in its 
behalf his Almighty protection, wishing also to 
the courteous reader, that frame of mind, and 
spirit of discernment, by which he may be as- 
sisted to receive and digest the instruction ad- 
duced, and he led by the spirit into the paths of 
truth ; and to such as do not resist him he will 
bring into their mind all things, which Jesus 
began both to do and teach. Now unto the Im- 
maculate Lamb of God, which taketh away the 
sins of the world, in communion with the Fath- 
er, and the holy spirit, be ascribed, honor and 
glory, and blessing, by all the church of the 
first born which are written in heaven^ and on 
earth, for ever and ever-. Amen. 



%♦ 



B 



»/ 



A CONVERSATION BETWEEN 

A FATHER & SON, 

IN QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 



Son. BELOVED Father, as we are here 
quite alone, in a desert, I will relate to thee the 
treatment given me by a certain company since 
my absence : I was attacked on the subject of 
baptism : I was called an anabaptist, because 
we baptize such as even have been baptized in 
their infancy. Thus too I was severely attack- 
ed by those who in their riper years were bap- 
tized, that is only by sprinkling, and whom we 
baptize by immersion, should they wish to en- 
ter our congregation. This was connected with 
our mode of keeping the Lord's supper, ex- 
communication ; our close observance of feet- 
washing, and the use of unleavened bread at our 
communions. Thus I was opposed by divers 
ingenious discourses that I was not skilled 
enough always to give satisfactory answers. 
I shall therefore intreat thee beloved father, to 



C 20 ) 

give me better instructions in all such cases 
which still lie in controversy, and that as near to 
the tennor of the holy scriptures and the pri- 
mitive christians as possible, my wish is to be- 
come firm in my faith, and be able to give other 
persons a true account of divine knowledge, for 
which friendly act I shall always be indebted to 
thee? 

Father. Dear child, I will comply with thy 
request, and give thee as plain and sufficient in- 
struction as I can ; I shall therefore intreat thee 
to hear me diligently, and enquire of me all the 
particulars of which thou still art ignorant, to 
which end we shall hold a plain and instructive 
discourse. 

Son., Beloved father, it gives me pleasure to 
see thee thus inclined, for which purpose I 
should wish to know where baptism by water is 
confirmed in scripture. 

Father. The Eternal and Almighty God is 
the proper author of baptism. As early as the 
days of Noah he began to manifest a figure of 
baptism by water in the new covenant ; for 
when men became wicked, God sent a flood of 
water to drown the ungodly. Of this the apos- 
tle Peter has these words, 1 Peter iii. 20, 21. 
The like figure where unto even baptism doth 
also now save us (not the putting away of the 
filth of the flesh but the answer of a good con- 
science towards God) by the resurrection of Je- 
sus Christ. Thus observe further, when the 
Lord God intended to give a figure by his scr- 



I 



( 21 ) 

vant Moses in testimony of what afterwards 
should be manifested by his Son, Hebr. iii. 
Moses therefore had to be drawn out of the wa- 
ter by Pharaoh's daughter, therefore said she, 
he shall be called Moses, because I drew him 
out of the water, Exodus ii. 10. Thus when 
God by a mighty hand conducted Abraham's 
seed by this same Moses out of Egypt, it so 
happened that the children of Israel escaped 
from the Egyptians, which escape was made 
through the Red sea, and which act of course 
represented very strongly the baptism in the 
new covenant. Paul too calls it a baptism unto 
Moses in the cloud and in the sea, 1 Cor. x. 2. 
Thus when the Lord God caused Moses to erect 
a tabernacle, it was intended as a figure on the 

church or congregation of the Lord Jesus 

With this intention God ordered Moses to make 
a laver before the tabernacle, wherein Aaron 
the priest and his sons were obliged to wash 
themselves before they were admitted into the 
tabernacle, Exodus xxx. 18, 19, 20, c. xL 12.... 
This too proved to be a powerful figure of bap- 
tism which Jesus commanded : That none can 
enter or serve in the Lord's congregation with- 
out previously having been baptized in water 
upon the confession of their faith in Jesus. 
Thou mayest see further what God commanded 
in the law ; if a leper has been cured of his dis- 
ease, he was obliged to w r ash his body in water, 
Lev. xiv. 8, 9. The women too, in order to 
their purification, were commanded to bathe in ? 



( 22 ) 

or wash their bodies with water. In a word, 
numbers of these ceremonies commanded to be 
performed in the old, all alluded to the baptism 
in the new testament. I will now endeavour to 
inform thee respecting the baptism in water, 
commanded in the new testament. Observe, 
when God the father was about manifesting his 
Beloved Son in the world, a forerunner by the 
name of John w T as to precede him, agreeably to 
God's commandment, by preaching to the peo- 
ple in the land of Judea, the baptism of repent- 
ance for the remission of their sins, that they 
may believe in him, who was to come after him, 
namely, in Jesus, the Son of God. He baptized 
at Aenon near to Salim, because there was 
much water there. 

Son. Did not this occasion great alarm 
among the people, that John did such an un- 
common act, as to baptize them in water. 

Father. A mere ablution by water in those 
days was not counted a very strange act from its 
lawful custom among the Jews for the purpose 
of cleanliness. All the surprize it occasioned 
proceeded from its connection with preaching 
repentance, announcing the appearance of the 
Son of God, and recommending faith in him. 

Son. Did the scribes and the great men of 
the world suffer themselves to be baptized ? 

Father. Oh no ! To them it was too con- 
temptible a deed^ they rejected the counsel of 
God against themselves, and ivere not baptized, 
as thee raav see in Luke vii. 30. But Jesus the 



C 23 ) 

Son of God in this respect was obedient to his 
Father, because he knew that the baptism of 
John was from heaven, he therefore came a 
considerable distance from Galilee to Jordan in 
order to be baptized of John, Matth. iii. 13. 

Son. It was a wonderful deed, and a great 
submission in the Lord Jesus, allowing his ser- 
vant John to baptize him in water. 

Father. Yes it was truly wonderful and sub- 
missive in the Son of God. It was left by him 
its a forcible example for all his disciples to fol- 
low him. 

So?i. Did Christ suffer himself to be bap- 
tized, merely because we should follow his foot- 
steps in this particular ? 

Father, The son of God was so well ac- 
quainted with the will of his Father, that he 
said to John, " for thus it becometh us to fulfill 
all righteousness." As it was the intention of 
the Son of God, to order and institute a water 
bath for his church, to answer as an initiating 
seal, and an external mark, for all those who 
should believe in him, he in the first place 
fulfilled his Fathers will, because the baptism of 
John was commanded by God, and thus made a 
beginning of baptism. This was not necessary 
for repentance, but alone for such who had al- 
ready repented and believed in Jesus the Son of 
God and upon this faith and confession, were 
baptized in the name of the Father and of the 
Son, and of the Holy Ghost. The moment the 
Lord Jesus was baptized and arose from the 



( 24 ) 

Water ; a voice was heard from Heaven, which, 
said : this is my beloved Son in whom I am 
'well pleased ; and the Holy Ghost, like a dove 
alighted upon the Lord Jesus. Thus has the 
beginning of baptism by water in the New 
Testament a very powerful author, namely : 
God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy 
Ghost. In whose three most exalted names 
Jesus commanded baptism to be administered. 

Son. Did Jesus immediately after this re- 
commend and perform baptism ? 

Father. Yes, he immediately began to make 
disciples and to baptize ; as thee may read in 
John c. iii 26 c. 4 1. The disciples of John came 
to him and said, Rabbi, he that was with thee 
beyond Jordan, to whom thou barest witness, 
behold the same baptizeth, and all men come to 
him. John answered and said, he must increase, 
but I must decrease, he that cometh from 
Heaven, is above all, and what he has seen and 
heard he testifieth ; and no man receiveth his 
testimony, but he that hath received his testi- 
mony, hath set to his seal, that God is true. 
In confirmation of this, John says in his first 
epistle c. v, 6. That the son of God came with 
water, blood and the Holy Ghost ; and that these 
were the three, who bear witness upon earth. 

Son. Do we find too, that Christ after his re* 
surrection commanded baptism to be performed. 

Father. Yes, this I will shew thee ; In the 
first place, therefore, when the Lord Jesus was 
atxmt to send his disciples into the world to 



( 25 ) 

preach his gospel, he gave them this strict 
charge : That they should teach and baptize, in 
his name, all such who should believe in him ; 
Matthew, xxviii, 19, 20, Teaching them to ob- 
serve all things, whatsoever I have commanded 
you. This case to thee further is exemplified in 
the acts, chapter ii, 37, 38. When the people 
asked Peter what they should do, he answered, 
repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the- 
name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins, 
and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. 

Son. Do we also read of others who admin- 
istered baptism ? 

Father. Yes, we do in the Acts, c. viii, 
v. 5, 12, That Philip preached Christ to the 
people at Samaria, and those who believed were 
baptized, both men and women. 

Son. But Father, because it is written here 
that both men and women were baptized, were 
not children, also baptised. 

Father. No, no ! In the New Testament, 
we do not find a single instance of the kind, for 
the apostles only baptized such, who by a true 
repentance confessed faith in Jesus, because he 
their master, did not command any other than 
baptizing such, who are capable of being taught 
both before and after baptism. 

Son. True, but did not Christ command that 
the children should be baptized, and did not the 
apostles obey him I 

Father. Christ only commanded to baptize 
the faithful believers, and not children. 

C 



( 26 ) 

Sqn. But is it not written in Matthew xix, 
where Christ said suffer little Children, and for- 
bid them not to come unto me ; for of such is 
the kingdom of Heaven ? 

Father. Observe that Jesus laid his hands on 
them and blessed them ; but with respect to 
baptism of infants the scripture is silent. 

Son. I was even informed, that the Apos- 
tles baptized, whole familes among whom there 
were children ? 

Father. Carnal reason only saith that there 
were children amongst them ; but the Holy 
Scripture on this head is entirely silent. 

Son. Admitting then that baptism is of such 
importance as thou hast shewed me in the New 
Testament, how is it, if a child dies without 
baptism, does it not suffer injury as to its salva- 
tion, and numbers say that baptism is instituted 
instead of circumcision, and when a male child 
was not circumcised on the eighth day, it was to 
be expelled. 

Father. Thy inquiries to me are agreeable. 
I3ut be attentive to the sense and ways of God. 
Whenever he issued a commandment he wish- 
ed it to be done accordingly. Circumcision in 
the Old Testament was ordered alone for male 
children, to be performed on the 8th day. Sup- 
posing then, that a child died before that time 
it would not have transgressed the command- 
ments of God, much less would it have been re- 
jected on that account. Female childred even 
were not circumcised, and they still belonged to 






I 27 ) . 

the blessed. Thus if a child dies without its 
having been baptized it can sustain no injury, 
because it did not live to the time when it couid 
have repented and believed in the Lord Jesus 
upon the faith of whom it could have been bap- 
tized ; which time doubtless is represented by 
the 8th day. Baptism of course is ordered alone 
for believers, adults and not children. Children 
are and will be saved by grace through the, me- 
rits of Jesus Christ. Articles of faith of such 
importance are always connected with positive 
commands. 

So?i. Do we not find in history that the pri- 
mitive christians baptized their children ? 

Father. We find in Godfrey Arnold's por- 
trait of the first christians, that the infant bap- 
tism began to be practized in the end of the se- 
cond century after the birth of Christ. In the 
beginning this was done at pleasure by every 
one. who was disposed to do so ; it was after- 
wards performed only the Easter days ; it was 
made into a law by a certain pope, that no child 
should be suffered to die without baptism, and 
by a long established custom it got into such 
reputation that many now believe it to have been, 
commanded by Christ himself. 

Son. Thou hast told me already a great 
deal about baptism and its import, now I should 
wish to ask, whether water contains any thim»; 
particular, because God commanded in the Old 
Testament so many ablutions by water, and in 



( 28 > 

the New, repeated a similar institution for his 
believers ? 

Father. Oberve well that water is a fluid 
created by God, and is the source of every 
thing. The whole earth rests in water and is 
founded thereon. Man himself in the womb 
is formed in water : even the Spirit of God ori- 
ginally moved on the water, and of course it 
contains a divine mercy. Christ too by his 
baptism sanctified the water. To this effect he 
said, John iii. 5, that it is impossible for a man 
to enter the kingdom of God, unless he be born 
again of water and of the spirit. Nevertheless 
the believer puts no faith whatever in the power 
of water in baptism, but alone in the power of 
the word, which commanded it since Christ in- 
stituted a water bath for his community, and 
will purify it by the washing of the water in the 
word, as Paul says, Eph. v. 26, the faithful be- 
lieve, that the obedience towards the command- 
ment of baptism purifies and saves them from 
everlasting punishment, provided after this ab- 
lution they again dont wallow themselves in the 
mire, by transgressing and sinning against the 
word, for God looks upon obedience as binding 
the faithful to follow the word, by which alone 
they obtain everlasting life. 

Son. Supposing a man denies himself in 
every thing, gives his goods to the poor, prays 
and fasts a great deal, but will not undergo bap- 
tism, because it is an external deed, can such a 
man not please God ? 



( « ) 

Father. Observe well, where a man to do 
this by a true faith and love towards God, it 
would be good and wholesome) and therefore 
he could certainly not refuse giving himself 
up to this commandment of baptism, for it be- 
longs to the true love of God to keep his com- 
mandments, and his commandments are not 
grievous, 1 John v. 3. Further says Paul. I Cor. 
xiii. 3, that though I give my body to be burned, 
bestow all my goods to the poor and have no 
charity,* it profiteth me nothing. He describes 
the nature of charity that she believed) all what 
God commanded. Christ too said, John xiv. 
2 3, 24, if a man love me he will keep my words, 
but he that loveth me not, keepeth not my say- 
ings. A man in his own conceit therefore, may do 
a great deal without possessing the love in Je- 
sus as the chief head, like men who existed in 
Paul's time, as thee may see ill the epistle to 
the Collosians, ii. 18, to' be -alike in the worship- 
ping of angels. But Paul calls it a fleshly mind, v. 
19, because they have not adhered to the head. 

Son. Is it possibe that a man cannot love 
God, if he be obedient in all respects, but in 
one ? 

Father. Art thou not yet capable of perceiv- 
ing what James says, chap. ii. 10, For v\ hosoevcr 
shall keep the whole law, and yet offend in one 
point, he is guilty of all. Only reflect thyself ; 
if thou hadst been obedient to me for more thaji 

* Synonymous with love. 
C 2 



ten years, and I were to command thee only as 
much as to pick up a straw, but thou wert not 
willing to do this, nor did do it, I would be 
compelled to look upon thee as a disobedient 
child, even though thou wouldst say a thousand 
limes : Father I will do every thing, I will work 
hard, wherever thou sendest me I will go, but 
to pick up the straw, I take to be a very useless 
piece of business to thee as well as to me, it 
would be of no account, I would therefore call 
thee a disobedient child. 

Son. Father, this may apply td thine own 
case, but is God, who is all love, inclined in the 
same way towards his children, and how will we 
prove it ? 

Father. Yes,I will prove it to thee clearly from 
the Holy Scriptures that God is inclined in the 
same manner : only observe what Adam did in 
Paradise. God told him he should eat of every 
tree, but of one he should not eat. Behold the 
moment he ate of the forbidden fruit, he lost all 
his felicity, and for his disobedience was expelled 
from the garden. Look further whatGod has done 
and commanded in the Old Testament, Num. 
xv. SO, 31, where it is said, if a soul doeth ought 
presumptuously, and despises the word of the 
Lord, and breaks his commandment, it shall be 
cut off. Behold further, when the sons of Aaron 
brought strange fire before the Lord they died, 
Lev. x. 12. And king Saul was rejected by the 
Lord on account of his disobedience, 1 Sam. xv. 
22, 23. Thus Achan was forced to die with his 



( 31 ) 

whole family, because he violated the command- 
ment of God in taking of the accursed thing at 
the siege of Jericho, which God had forbidden 
to take, Joshua vii. 20. Thus many similar in- 
stances might be cited from the Holy Scrip- 
tures, but these will suffice. Thee may now 
see that God requires a strict obedience from 
all his creatures. / 

Son. I understand now, that man not only 
ought to respect commandments, but even the 
commander himself, and particularly the great- 
ness of the commander; therefore all the com- 
mandments of the great God must be kept as 
great and holy. 

Father. Yes, that was always the true faith 
and love of all the saints and faithful. They Mid 
what God commanded them, and subjected their 
understanding and will to the will of God. Nei- 
ther can we hear of nor observe in a single be- 
liever, that he refused obedience to God in any 
commandment. 

Son. Should this and even all depend on the 
keeping of God's commandments, why did he 
always command man to do nothing but simple 
things as may be seen both in the Old and New 
Testament ? 

Father. Observe well, that God is a plain 
and good being, and does not stand in need of 
any services from man, for he has many thou- 
sand angels and spirits, who serve him. The 
commandments given by God to man, always 
were for his sake, to make him humble; and plain 



c 



32 



} 



because by Adams fall, he became puffed up, 
and in his own conceit delighted in greatness, 
power and self love. To rescue man therefore 
from his depraved condition, plain command- 
ments were given him by God, through his Son, 
If therefore he performs these and surrenders 
his reason in obedience, he will even by degrees 
become as plain and innocent as children, and 
by this very simplicity, will the soul arrive at 
rest, peace and safety. For this purpose Christ 
even says, verily I say unto you* that unless ye 
become as children^ ye cannot enter the kingdom 
of 'Heaven . 

Sgu. Now I can easily perceive, that all 
commandments alone, point to true obedience. 
The same is the case with that of baptism, 
which Christ commanded his Apostles to ad- 
minister, and which they did. But was this 
commandment issued to all believers, that they 
should be baptized, and is it to continue in prac- 
tise, until the end of the world ? 

Father. This is clearly and explicitly ex- 
pressed, in Matth. xxviii, 19,20, where our Sa- 
viour says: teach all nations, and baptize them; 
ai:d teach than to observe all things, whatsoever 
I have coimnanded you ; and lo, I am with ; 
always^ even unto the end of the world. 

Son. Were other men after the death of the 
Apostles permitted to baptize, although they 
were not sent like the Apostles ? 

Father. God's economy and discipline are 
remarkable; even under' the iaw. When he 



r $3 ) . 

ordered Moses to build an house for the Priests 
to serve in, he selected from the tribe of 
Levi, Aaron and his sons to fill that office-. As 
it often happened, that the Temple and all be- 
longing to it, was destroyed, and the people 
again wished to have divine service, no other 
than those of the just mentioned tribe, were 
permitted to act as Priests ; but the wicked 
king Jeroboam, made such Priests, not belong- 
ing to that tribe, who nevertheless administered 
false worship, 1 King xii, 31. But when they 
intended to elect priests from the tribe of Levi 
they took such, who were well skilled in the 
law of Moses, and their bodies were free from 
blemishes and infirmities, c. iii, 21. It is re- 
markable that the Son of God himself, first ap- 
pointed Apostles and then other similar teachers 
to watch over his church. The Apostles too, 
appointed others for the house of God, in order 
to baptize, excommunicate &c. But they always 
selected such whosepedlgree was from the Royal 
Priesthood ; that is, such who had the spirit of 
Jesus, and by this alone could they with proprie- 
ty baptize Sec. The Apostles in their time no- 
ticed too such men, not possessing the spirit of 
Christ, who nevertheless pretended to be chris- 
tians ; of these Paul said to the elders of Ephe- 
sus, in the acts of the Apostles, c. xx, 29, 30. Of 
your ownselves shall men arise, speaking per- 
verse things, to draw away disciples after them. 
Thus at all times this was looked upon as a sign 
of the false spirit. For where a matfls inclined 



( 34 3 

to bring himself into notice, he cannot be of the 
nature of Christ. Christ did not place himself 
in the office of the Priesthood, but Lis Father ; 
that the first teachers and elders of the Church 
were appointed by the Holy Ghost, we may see 
in the Acts xx, 18 28. When the Apostle 
Paul called to him the elders and teachers of 
the church of Ephesus, he among others gave 
them this charge : take heed, therefore, unto 
yourselves, and to all the flock, over which the 
Hay Ghost hath made you overseers &c. But 
whenever men placed themselves in the service 
of the Church, urged on by their own spirit and 
honor, nothing could result but great abuse and 
corruption. Thus may thousand preachers at 
this day exist in the world, of whom by far the 
smaller number belong to the Royal Priesthood 
of the Holy People. 1 Peter ii, 9. The smallest 
number have the spirit of Christ. The small- 
est number were made overseers by the Holy- 
Ghost. Therefore their object in preaching is 
nothing but honor, and emolument. ' But the 
Churches, after the death of the Apostles, who 
still remained pure, always appointed among 
them such men, who had the spirit of Jesus and 
denied themselves. As Christ appointed his 
Apostles, so did the church of the Lord, as the 
body of Christ, ever since appoint such as they 
thought fit ; and thus have the commands of 
Jesus in their purity never ceased to be execut- 
ed. They are in these words, namely, teach 
them to observe all things whatsoever^ I have 



( 35 ) 

commanded you. Matth. xxviii, 20. And these 
will remain in full force until Christ shall come 
again and reckon with his servants as well as his 
enemies. 

Ciprianus and other pious men of the primi- 
tive church demanded of one who would bap- 
tize, and was appointed for that purpose by the 
church, the true and sound faith in Christ. The 
same was required by the council at Ilibris of 
one who wished to baptize ; that he himself 
first should have baptism regularly and conti- 
nue stedfast in the faith, and having never fell 
away, nor forfeited his grace. Gregory too, 
says that whoever shall be numbered among the 
godly must be considered as worthy, and also 
qualified to administer the ordinance of baptism, 

Son. Now I understand very well that bap- 
tism is a commandment of Christ for his be- 
lievers to keep until the end of the world. Now 
I should wish to understand with certainty the 
manner of baptism, whether we shall baptize in 
water : or can it be performed in a house with 
a handful of water, and thereby fulfil the com- 
mandment. 

Father. Observe well, that even this I will 
point out to thee clearly in the Holy Scriptures. 
First. Christ as the true predecessor of his 
church was baptized of John in the river Jor- 
dan, Matth. iii. 13, 16. John baptized at a place 
near Salim, because there was much water 
there, John iii. 23. Thus from these two tes- 
timonies thou mayest be satisfied, that where it 



( 36 ) 

allowed to perform the ordinance of^ baptism in 
a dry place, John would not have resorted to 
places where there was much water ; for it 
would have been much more convenient and 
agreeable to perform this in the house than in 
the water, which is often cold and disagreeable 
to nature. To be more explicit I shall give 
the additional proofs of this subject. Baptism 
according to the Greek text is said to signify 
immersion, as translated by Jeremiah Felbinger. 
But since sprinkling became a custom, and the 
learned for the sake of delicacy were afraid of 
the effects of water, they allowed the Greek 
word also to signify sprinkling, pouring or as- 
persion, Sec. But still they must allow its true 
signification to be immersion. Thee may see 
further, that where Philip baptized the Eunuch, 
ifis said they went down both into the water, 
and Philip baptized him, Acts viii. 38, 39. Of 
this we also find a great deal in the history of 
the primitive christians, that they baptized in 
streams, rivers, fountains, Sec. We may see 
too iii the bloody Tonelol the baptized, page 265 t 
that many persons were baptized in the river 
Euphrates, in the year after Christ, 980. Again, 
page 207, it is written that in the year 1620, 
Paidinian baptized in the river Trentho, at the 
souu: si£e of the city of Truvolsinga, and that 
the patients called this baptism immersion or 
dipping into water, page 220 ; we also find that 
the English baptized in the rivers Swallow and 
Rhjn, and that it could be done in no other 



( 37 ) 

manner. People generally must be extremely 
blind and stubborn who do not understand the 
clear expressions of scripture, Rom. vi. 4. 
where baptism is called a burial of the body of 
sin. Paul too calls it a washing with water, 
Eph. v. 26. And Christ says, John iii. 5. that a 
man must be born of water and of the spirit. 
The primitive christians had these words of bap- 
tism, namely ; the fleshly minded children of 
Adam stept into the water, and soon after arose 
therefrom, that is after they became the spi- 
ritual children of God. Justinius himself gave 
the account to the emperor, that those who were 
convinced of, and believe in our doctrinee, at 
the same time promising to live in the grace of 
God up to its import, these we instruct how to 
pray, fast, and obtain from God forgiveness of 
sins. Afterwards they are led to the water and 
converted as we are ; then they are washed 
therein in the name of God the Father and go- 
vernor of all things, and our Lord Jesus Christ, 
and the Holy Ghost. He further adds that this 
was enjoined upon us- from the Apostles. With 
respect to this, Beda says, Lib. ii. c 14. that at 
the beginning of the first congregations, the 
English in several places were immersed in 
rivers of water. Walfred Strabo writes in his 
Lib. de Rebus Eccles. c. 26. that the faithful 
originally were baptized in streams and foun- 
tains, and our Saviour himself, in order to sanc- 
tify this bath for our use, was baptized in Jor- 
daiij as we mav see : John baptized at Aenon 

D 



( 38 ; ) 

near Salim, because there was much water 
there. John iii. 23. 

Son* I begin to be satisfied with the passa- 
ges of thy choice, that Christ, John, the Apos- 
tles, and all the primitive christians baptized in 
water. 

Father. These would be sufficient, but al- 
low me to add a few more from the history of 
the primitive christians. Hononus Aug. writes 
in Gemma Animu, Lib. iii. p. 106. that the Apos- 
tles and their disciples formerly baptized in 
streams and fountains. Tertullian mentions in 
his Lib de borona militis* that the baptized, some 
time previous, avow before the congregation 
and preacher, to renounce the devil, his pomp 
and angels ; after which they are plunged under 
water three times, and baptized. This custom 
prevailed until 801, when Ludovicus was made 
emperor, A. D. 815. 

Son. Do tell me whether the Apostles im- 
mersed the whole body, or only a part, as the 
head or hand, or how it was actually done : for 
I heard some say, that to go into water is plainly 
commanded in Scripture ; but how baptism is 
to be performed there, is not known ? 

Father. By this thee intimates thy deficien- 
cy of the internal light, as well as those not 
knowing how to baptize, intimate, that their in- 
structor is a miserable one. Can Jesus be such 
a master as to command his people to do such 
an important act as baptism, and they remain 
ignorant in what manner it should be done ? 



( 39 ) 



They would therefore stand in need of asking 
information of their teacher, or delay its per- 
formance, rather than resort to it with uncer- 
tainty. Only for a moment reflect on such who, 
wishing 10 be the stewards in the house of God 
over its mysteries, dont know how to baptize in 
water ; where then have they got the informa- 
tion or commandment from, to sprinkle or wet 
the head with an handful of water ; as for in- 
stance, in a dry place, a room, or meeting-house, 
since not a single passage in Scripture is in its 
favor, but quite the contrary, being perceptible 
in Jesus and his Apostles ? Thy questions di- 
rected to me on this subject, shall be further 
briefly answered. Thou hast heard of Christ, 
his Apostles? and of many testimonies of the pri- 
mitive christians, that they baptized in streams, 
rivers, and fountains ; and baptizing agreeably 
to the word and commandment, signifies no- 
thing else than immersing in water ; for Christ 
said to his Apostles, Matt, xxviii. 19. Teach all 
nations, (mankind ) and baptize them; immerse 
them) and not wetting their hair as is done 
among the papists. Jesus did not say, Baptize in 
man the head, or another separate part of his 
body, nor even, moisten him a little in my name. 
No such commandment was given by Jesus, 
except that of immersing the whole body in wa- 
ter. I shewed thee sufficiently that the true 
intent of baptism refers to the new man. 

Son. Can a water bath or a burial of sin not 



( *o ) 

be represented by an handfull of water, or some- 
thing resemWing it ? 

Father. That's impossible ; for something 
that is to be represented in its true light, exact- 
ly must correspond with its nature. 

Son. But what harm would attend a small 
disproportion ? 

Father. Observe well, that were a great 
man to tell his painter to draw him a good like- 
ness, so that he might be known at a distance , 
immediately from the picture, and the servant 
at ooing this, was rather inattentive, his mind 
engaged in something else, his respect to his 
master rather indifferent, still at times intend- 
ing to comply with his masters direction, and in 
his drawing left out an eye, a foot, or an hand, 
so as entirely to spoil it, so that it bore no resem- 
blance to the body itself : what would this man 
say to the painter, would he not discharge him 
from his services as a worthless fellow ? Thus 
many such artists exist in the world especially 
in their portraits of baptism and other com- 
mandments of Christ. The reason is plain, 
their minds are full of the world, self-love &c. 
They are regardless or unacquainted with the 
example of Jesus, or his doctrine, because they 
were deficient in the love of Jesus the crucifi- 
ed and self denial. Every one of course paints 
agreeable to the whims of his own folly or ac- 
cording to custom without wholly looking upon 
his Lord and Master. Some sprinkle with a 
little water the heads ofsmall children. Others 



( 41 J 

tfnnking themselves to be more enlightened 
sprinkle the heads of grown people with an 
handful of water, some take three handfuls and 
all say 1 baptize thee. And is this to signify a 
water-bath or a burial of sin ? 

Son. Now I can easily perceive the doc- 
trines of Jesus to be grossly misrepresented, 
and their true forms scarcely discoverable. 

Father, Yes at this time, a great darkness 
covers all nations upon earth, but will soon be 
removed as predicted in Zach. xiv, 7. Revel. 
xviir, 1. 

Of the Lord's Sufifler. 

Son. I thank thee beloved father for all this 
thy information and can tell thee, that I am as- 
tonished at the great abuse of baptism in our 
times : a great darkness its true, must have co- 
vered the nations. But further I must enquire 
of thee respecting the Lord's supper, how 
Christ instituted it, how it should be kept, and 
whether it is in the same state as baptism. 

Father. Yes thee may easily think, that if a 
person be guilty of errors in one point, he may 
be expected to be so in all, as thee may be con- 
vinced, if thee compares the present general 
practise with the institutions of Christ. It is 
called the Lord's supper, because his disciples 
for whose remembrance it was instituted, shall 
thereby announce his death, break the bread of 
the Communion, drink of the cup, unite in love 
as the members of Jesus, to be always faithful 

D2 



( 42 ) 

to their Master in the true obedience of faith, 
and continue firm under the cross, to be fully 
capable in the end of the world of keeping with 
the bon of God, this supper in its fullest extent. 

Son. Are no others to be admitted to the 
Lord's supper but such, who are the true follow- 
ers of Jesus, who keep his commandments and 
bear his cross ? 

Father. The true steward Jesus Christ only 
gave this commandment to such Who were his 
servants, who entered his Kingdom by true re- 
pentance, faith and baptism, and who kept all 
his ordinances in the obedience of faith. Some- 
thing similar to this God himself commanded 
in the law ; that whoever would eat the passo- 
ver of the Lord, must previously be circum- 
cised. Exod. xiL 48. therefore whoever wishes 
worthily to partake of the Lord's Supper, must 
also be cut off from the body of Satan, the world, 
of all unrighteousness and all false sects ; he 
must adhere to Jesus the head as a true mem- 
ber in faith and love, and if required according 
to the will of God in an evangelical sense, must 
be ready to yield up his life for the sake of Je- 
sus and his doctrine. But he that lives in sin 
and disobedience towards God, and will not fol- 
low Christ consistent with the instructions of 
Jesus, in the denial of his own self, and every 
thing belonging to this world : Luke xiv. 26, 
27. Is still unworthy, and eateth and drinketh 
damnation to himself, not discer?iing the body of 
Hie Lordfwrn the body of sin. 1 Cor. xi* 29. 



( 43 ) 

Son. But, father, why is it called the Lord's 
Supper, and commonly is taken in the morning 
or at noon, and not in the evening ? 

Father. That great errors attend the admi- 
nistration of baptism, I told thee before : the 
same applies to the Lord's supper. Some so- 
lemnize it in the morning, others at lioon, and 
nowhere can it be admitted as a supper, be- 
cause where a supper is prepared, or even a din- 
ner, there must be something to eat ! But peo- 
ple generally go to their supposed Lord's sup- 
per, and return hungry and dry ; some not even 
get a bit of bread, and others not a drop of wine ; 
others again, it's true, receive a bit of bread, and 
a little wine, but as is the case with the greatest 
number of all denominations at their Lord's ta- 
ble to be stocked in the extremes of extrava- 
gance with sensuality, conceit, &c. 

Son. Is it absolutely necessary to keep it in 
the evening, and at the same time to be a full 
supper ; or as other meals, may it not be taken 
in the morning or at noon ? 

Father. Observe well how the true believers 
and lovers of Jesus always have their eye singly- 
directed to their Lord and Master ; they wish 
to obey all his commands and imitate his ex- 
ample ; then they can only be said to be sensi- 
ble of the simplicity and will of their master in 
every particular ; as it is called in the scrip- 
tures the Lord's supper, 1 Cor. xi. 20. which 
the faithful christians kept at that time in the 
manner Paul instructed them, as it is said in v. 



( 44 ) 

1. And he delivered to the Corinthians that 
which he received of the Lord. v. 23. Thus 
they then truly kept the Lord's supper, and ac- 
cording to plain reason alone, it was a supper, 
and not a dinner. Even as early as the days of 
Paul, people supped together, but he said they 
did not eat the Lord's supper. 1 Cor. xi. 20. But 
when believers met with one accord to eat the 
supper, they were not inattentive to the injunc- 
tion of the Lord in washing their feet, agreeably 
to the example which he set them. John xiii, 
14, 15. So likewise, when they were breaking 
the bread of the communion, and drinking the 
cup, they spake of the sufferings of Christ. 
praised his great love towards them, and ex- 
horted each other to be firm in their sufferings, 
to follow and be faithful to their Lord and Mas- 
ter in all his commandments ; strongly to re- 
sist all sin, fervently to love each other, and live 
together in peace and unity ; and this alone can 
be called the Lord's supper : in this manner 
they can properly enjoy and comfort themselves 
in the sufferings of Christ. By this they give to 
understand, that they are members of Jesus, 
and in the end of the world, will keep with him 
the Lord's supper, in the enjoyment of eternal 
felicity. Of this supper, says Paul, For he that 
eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and 
drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning 
the Lord's body. But where people eat a break- 
fast, or dinner, without true repentance, faith in 
the commandments of the Lord, and being bap- 



( 45 ) 

tized in true repentance and faith, and still love 
wickedness, as the lusts of the eye, the lust of 
the flesh, and the pride of life, and live in envy, 
hatred, debauchery, &x. it cannot be called the 
Lord's supper, but a substitute, which the wick- 
ed spirit dictated and confirmed by the false doc- 
trine of the learned, and long continued custom 
of the unguarded. Every one who imagines he 
thus truly keeps the Lord's supper, is greatly 
mistaken. 

Son. Are therefore public sinners to be ex- 
cluded from the Lord's supper ? 

Of Excommunication. 

Father. Such sinners, guilty of even one 
work of the flesh, (as Paul writes: Gal. v, 3.) 
and of refusing repentance after suitable convic- 
tion, not only are to be excluded from the Lord's 
supper, but even from the kingdom of God, and 
consequently from the church of the Lord ! for 
as they are excluded from the kingdom of God 
by their sins, they cannot expect any longer to 
belong to the church of God. 

Son. But father, I thought that a man al- 
ways had to give an account of himself: what 
harm therefore would it be to me, if any one of 
my fellow members were guilty of a sin, and 1 
being a pious person, were to tell him candidly 
to alter his course of life, but upon his refusing 
it, might I not still remain in love his associate, 
and suffer him to settle that in his account ? 



( 46 ) 

Father. Hear and observe well, that an ima- 
gination like this might bear a very fine appear- 
ance of love, were it not of a varnished nature, 
and did but correspond with the love of God ! 
Divine love, we must consider, cannot be other- 
wise minded than God himself; and cannot love 
and believe in any other manner than God, the 
eternal love commanded and ordered : and dare 
not dictate any thing- to the Spirit of God, in 
sense, wisdom, and counsel ; but looks upon 
God as her origin ; and the man in whom love 
really exists, looks upon God and learns of him 
his attributes and nature. To apply this to the 
above, the children of God have learned of their 
heavenly Father, to distinguish and put a sepa- 
ration between the clean and unclean, light and 
darkness, his people and the heathens : as may 
be seen in the creation : when God made hea- 
ven and earth ; light, darknqss, earth and wa- 
ter having all been mixed together, he divided 
the light from darkness, and called the former 
day, and the latter night. After the planting of 
Paradise, which contained everything pleasant, 
God also created man after his image, and suf- 
fered him to live in the garden, to eat of the 
fruit of all the trees, which God commanded 
him to eat. But as soon as man proved to be dis- 
obedient towards God, he became unclean, and 
as such, could no longer remain in Paradise, but 
was expelled therefrom, and until he be purifi- 
ed by Christ the second Adam, can not be again 
admitted to return. Many hundred years elaps- 



( 47 

cd untill this return was effected by Christ, the 
promised seed of the woman ; and with Adam, 
many saints were conducted by him, into his 
kingdom ; as may be seen in Matt, xxvii. 52. 
Thus we may judge how sin and disobedience 
separates us from God and his kingdom. At the 
time of Abraham, God manifested to him, as 
the father of all believers, a distinction and ex- 
communication with respect to circumcision, 
that his offspring should be a separate nation 
from that of the heathen, which he conducted 
by a mighty hand from Egypt, and promised to 
give them an holy land. To this nation, in the 
wilderness, the Lord God, upon mount Sinai, 
gave a peculiar law, with the intention, that they 
should not only be a separate people from all 
unclean heathens, but even from all unclean 
beasts, fishes, and birds : therefore, God said to 
them, Lev. xx. 24, 25, 26. I am the Lord your 
God who have separated you from other people; 
you shall, therefore, put difference between 
clean beasts and unclean, and between unclean 
fowls and clean : and ye shall not make your 
souls abbminable by beast, or by fowl, or by any 
manner of living thing that creepeth on the 
ground, which I have separated from you as un- 
clean. And ye shall be holy unto me : for I the 
Lord am holy, and have severed you from other 
people, that ye should be mine. Observe hoW 
God, even in this, manifested his will in the 
separation of the clean from t' 3 unclean, the 
Lord's people from the heathen.;, who it is true, 



'( 48 ) 

were equally the creatures of God, but were not 
to have any share and communion with his peo- 
ple. 

Son. Yes beloved father, of thee I understood 
clearly that a separation was commanded to the 
people of God in the Old Testament or cere- 
monial law : but since Christ the eternal High 
Priest fulfilled the law, and promised no visible 
Canaan, but an everlasting kingdom of a spiri- 
tual nature, as his laws are : how can we, there- 
fore, apply a separation to the New Testament* 
or is one absolutely necessary ? Of this I should 
wish to have a more particular information. 

Father. If thou be well attentive to the dis- 
courses of Jesus and his Apostles, thou mayest 
easily discover a separation in the new covenant 
to be extremely necessary between the believer 
and unbeliever. Jesus says, Matt. xiii. 24. that 
the present world may be compared to a field 
containing seeds, both good and bad : the good 
are sowedby Jesus, through his gospel, and these 
are the children of his kingdom, born from 
above by the word of truth. James i. 18. But 
the tares are the bad, sowed by the devil, and, 
agreeably to human ingenuity, are planted by 
his false and sophistical word. Now, the harvest 
of these is the end of the world. There the Lord 
thereof will gather the good seed into his barn, 
but the tares he will burn with unquenchable 
fire. Now, attend to the above relation of ex- 
communication in the Old Testament, as com- 
manded by Moses, as a testimony for the Son 



and his house. Heb. iii. 5, 6. For as there was 
no uncircumcisecl, no leprous nor unclean per- 
son admitted into the temple, such an house or 
community was instituted by Jesus, the Son of 
God, by his death, and by the Holy Ghost ; 
which temple, in the New Testament, is called 
the body of Christ- Rom. xii. 5. 1 Cor. xii. 27. 
Eph. i. 22, 23. iv. 13. v. 40. Col. i. 18. Into this 
body, temple, or community, all the members 
of Jesus are embodied and baptized. 1 Cor; xii. 
13. For by one Spirit are we all baptized into 
one body. This body is sanctified and cleansed 
by Christ, with the washing of water, by the 
word* Eph. v. 26. It is separated from the world, 
sin, every error : in a word, from the whole 
house of old Adam : understand, according to 
the inward part, by faith. This community in 
the Scriptures, is called the chosen generation, 
royal priesthood, holy nation, &x. 1 Pet. ii. 9. 
As this body, agreeably to Rom. vi. 2, 4. is dead 
to sin, buried by baptism into death, and raised 
again to the newness of life in Christ Jesus, and 
in whom it continues and grows like a fruitful 
branch in the obscurity of this evil world, it so 
happens by divine permission, that Satan may 
entice every member to sin, error, and evil acts 
of all kinds, for the trial of its faith and love. 
Jesus and his Apostles, therefore call upon the 
faithful to watch and pray ; to wrestle and be 
vigilant. Nevertheless, it is an 4 easy matter for 
such a member, who once renounced sin, and 
put on Jesus, as the new life, unless very con- 



( 50 ) 

stant in prayers and vigilance, again to trans- 
gress against his fellow member, or even 
against the ways and rights of the Lord. Thus, 
says the Lord, as the head of his body, Matt. 
xviii. 15. If thy brother shall transgress against 
thee, go and tell him his fault, between thee and 
him alone : if he shall hear thee, thou hast gain- 
ed thy brother. But if he will not hear thee, 
then take with thee one or two more, that in the 
mouth of two or three witnesses every word may 
be established. And if he shall neglect to hear 
them, tell it unto the church : but if he neglect 
to hear the church, let him be unto thee as an, 
heathen man and publican* Tims thee may see 
who is the instkutor of excommunication in tho 
New Testament: namely, Jesus Christ?,, the 
true steward. It was ordered for the purpose of 
such sinners, whose sins may be forgiven with* 
out its being executed, provided they will listen 
to good admonition : on the contrary, however, 
are banished from the church, not lor the sake 
of their sins, but for their pride and obstinacy ; 
because they reject the counsel of God's Spirit* 
despise and grieve a whole congregation, when 
it would have been their duty rather to die for 
their fellow members, than vex them, or despise 
their good counsel. Such characters are taken 
notice of under the law, Num. xix. 13. Whoso- 
ever toucbeth the dead body of a man, (which is 
a trifling act,) and purifieth not himself, defile tU 
the tabernacle of the Lord k , and that soul shall 
We cut off from Israel? &c. The water of scptifn- 



51 



tioiij which was used in the law for the purpose 
of cleansing the unclean, refers in the new co- 
venant to brotherly admonition. If, for instance, 
a member transgresses, is guilty of sin, and de- 
spises counsel, becomes hardened by the delu- 
sion of sin. Paul exhorts the faithful : Heb. iii. 
13. Take heed, lest any of you be hardened 
through the dcceitfulness of sin. For we are 
partakers of Christ, if we hold the beginning of 
our confidence stedfast unto the end : that is, 
we become the partakers of the newness of life, 
in Christ Jesus. Let us but remain firm in it, 
until the end, and not recede from the true life 
in Christ, and the living God, by the old way of 
sinful living. 

Sc?i, If a person may be excluded from the 
Lord's body and congregation, or even the ever- 
lasting kingdom of God, for a trifling sin, (which 
upon repentance, might easily have been for- 
given,) what will be the consequence, if a mem- 
ber sins, lies, and even wars, with premedita- 
tion, against the ordinances of the Lord. 

Father. Attend in all cases, to the sense of 
the Spirit of God. He is the best counsellor, 
who foresaw every thing, and therefore subject- 
ed his house to very wise regulations. As early 
as the law of Moses, Num. xv. 27, 30. God 
commanded, that if any soul, or the whole con- 
gregation sin, through ignorance, against any 
one commandment, then he shall bring unto the 
Lord a sin-offering, and it shall be forgiven. But 
the soul tli at doth ought presumptuously, the 



( 32 ) 

same reproacheth the Lord; and tl^at soul shall 
be cut off from among his people. Because he 
has despised the word of the Lord, and has bro- 
ken his commandment, that soul shall utterly 
be cut off: his iniquity shall be upon him. Thus, 
should a whole congregation, or city, sin in this 
manner, and serve other gods : that is, commit 
such things, which are forbidden by the Lord, 
it shall be utterly destroyed. Deut. xiii. 12. 
Now observe/ how this must in a spiritual man- 
ner, be attencled to by the church of God, in the 
New Testament, so that it may not be subdued 
by the gates of hell; that is, by sinful actions. 
Thus, every soul of the Lord's body knows very- 
well that he is buried with him by baptism into 
death. Rom. vi 4. and that it shall walk in the 
newness of life. He is even called upon at his 
baptism, to renounce totally, all sin, the devil, 
and his own corrupt will, and to follow the Lord 
Jesus, firmly until death ; and under all adver- 
sities, in every one of his commandments. The 
works of the flesh, which are manifest according 
to Gal. v. 19. are these; adultery, fornication, 
uncieanness, iasciviousness, idolatry, witchcraft, 
hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, dis- 
cord, heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, 
reveiiine;s, and such like : to all such the king- 
dom oi God is utterly denied by the Holy Ghost; 
that is, in case any one of these evil practices 
rule or reign over them. Thus, if in the Lord's 
body a member be guilty of such, and the church 
have knowledge of it, he must be excommuni- 



Ob 



) 



cated, according to I Cor. v. 13. until he shall 
be purified by true repentance, that the whole 
body thereby neither may become leavened nor 
unclean. How corrupted must such a member 
be, if in the works of the flesh, he wishes still to 
be justified. 

Son. To me the sense of God in this, ap- 
pears plain ; but the act of discord I dont under- 
stand well, therefore wish to have some infor- 
mation upon that subject. 

Of Variance. 

Father. This spirit meets such people, who 
are not sufficiently instructed in the ways of the 
Lord, similar to the serpent who spoke to Eve 
in Paradise : Ye shall not surely die, for your 
eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, 
knowing good and evil, in case ye eat of the for- 
bidden fruit ; which in part so happened : for 
as soon as they had eaten thereof, their eyes 
were opened, and they knew that they were na- 
ked. Therefore, Paul calls upon the Corinthi- 
ans : but I fear, lest by any means, as the ser- 
pent beguiled Eve, through his subtilty, so your 
minds should be corrupted from the simplicity 
that is in Christ. 2 Cor. xi. 3. As long there- 
fore, as a faithful member of Jesus continues in 
this conflict, bringing into captivity every 
thought, to the obedience of Christ, and casting 
down imaginations, and every high thing that 

exulteth itself against the knowledge of God," & 
I? o 



( 54 ) 

Cor. x. 5, so long can the fleshly spirit of dis- 
cord, not bring the soul into captivity. Such is 
his living with his fellow members, that in sim- 
plicity, obedience of faith, peace and unity, he 
continues with them ; leaving willingly, peace- 
ably and simply to them what he does not under- 
stand, he lets rest, and submitting himself to 
them, according to the advice of Peter. 1 Pet. 
v. 5. But the moment this spirit of discord pre- 
dominates, they gradually separate themselves 
from the peace and love of their fellow mem- 
bers. They take offence at trifling occurrences, 
until, by degrees, they lose the true grace of 
faith ! Torthem, even the religious meetings-of 
their fellow-members become burdensome, in 
which they should have been edified. To them, 
idle and profane conversation seems more de- 
lightful than an affectionate address of their fel- 
low-members, respecting their conduct. If, 
therefore, they refuse to listen to the affection- 
ate address of their brethren ; and attend to the 
deceitful spirit, who, like Lucifer, transformed 
into an angel of light, persuades them to have a 
close eye upon the defects of their fellow-mem- 
bers, to be offended at, and find fault with them, 
to disturb them, to undermine their regulations, 
and finally to become their own masters ; in 
which they frequently succeed, and thereby 
bring about a separate party. Such proceeding 
is called by the Spirit of God, seditions, and he- 
resies. It is a manifest work of the flesh, not be- 
longing to the kingdom of God, neither to the 



( 55 ) 

house of the Lord, but to the kingdom and house 
of old Adam, which is all division, and there- 
fore cannot stand, but must fall. Divisions have 
always been the beginning of evil, and where it 
exists, there no earthly, much less a divine fa- 
mily can prosper. True believers, therefore, 
must avoid such souls, who in this or any other 
manner may give rise to an offence or division 
according to the instructions of Paul. Rom. xvi. 
17. They are works of the flesh, originating in 
a fleshly mind, even though the fleshly person 
committing them, disguises himself under co- 
lors of angelical humility. Coios. ii. 18. Paul 
too calls them heretics, who are to be rejected. 
Tit.iii. 10. 

Quere. What kind of men are Jit to conduct the 
ojjlee of excommunication ? 

Son. What was said of the spirit of discord, 
and of those who are to be rejected, I could ea- 
sily understand ! But I entreat thee, beloved fa- 
ther, to tell me, what kind of men they must be, 
who are to conduct the office of excommunica- 
tion, since we are all liable to faults, and defi- 
cient in reputation ; and James says, If any man 
offend not in word, the same is a perfect man. 
As, therefore, we are ail defective, who must 
they be that ought to avoid their companions for 
their sins ? 

JFather. It is very well that thee inquires of 
me every things for ignorance is dar^r*; 7 ; 



( 56 ) 

;he soul. Therefore be attentive to my instruc- 
tion. Salvation never was intended for any other 
than the faithful. Whosoever believes in the 
Son of God, shall have eternal life ; but they 
that believe not, the wrath of God abideth on 
them. Observe then the nature and quality of 
faith as pronounced by Jesus the Son of God. 
Mark xvi. 17. And these signs shall follow them 
that believe in my name, (that is, by his doc- 
trine, word and commandments) shall they cast 
out devils ; first out of themselves, and then out 
of those who believe in him, and by their word 
are converted. They shall speak with new 
tongues, and take up serpents ; and if they drink 
any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them : they 
shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall re- 
cover. To such believers eternal life is promis- 
ed, and they are commanded by Christ to expel 
from their congregations such sinful, offensive 
and vain souls ; and what they bind upon earth, 
most certainly will be bound in heaven ; and 
what they loose upon earth, shall be loosed also 
in heaven. Such believers carry into effect the 
laws and regulations of the house of their King; 
and under many afflictions, act with great cheer- 
fulness of faith, according to the rules of their 
Lord and Master, although rejected for such 
conduct by the wicked. Such faithful members 
of Jesus, should they even err and transgress 
inconsiderately, they never do it designedly, but 
always are \evy sorry for the act. They are such 
who mourn for their frailty ; and If reminded 



( 57 ) 

by their fellow brethren, they greatly delight in 
hearing them, and take correction wherever 
they err. They are such of whom John says, , 
My little children, if any man sin. we have an 
advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the 'righ- 
teous. 1 John ii. 1. They stand by fakh in a 
continual combat against sin, and constantly 
mortify the sinful members existing upon earth; 
they would even rather be excluded from the 
congregation of the Lord than transgress, and 
not desist when reprehended. Such believers 
then, can assist with a good conscience, in ex- 
communicating and withdrawing from, their 
most beloved brethren, for transgression, and 
not attending to their affectionate corrections, 
because they have already banished from them- 
selves this mind and spirit. Such believers can 
say with John, and certainty of faith. 1 John iv. 
6. We are of God : he that knoweth God, hear- 
eth us ; he that is not of God, heareth not us. 
Hereby know we the spirit of truth, and the 
spirit of error. Thus, with a very good con- 
science can they reject from their society, a 
member. insensible to their affectionate correc- 
tions and instructions. For if a member trans- 
gresses and refuses ail correction, it is a sin un- 
to death, for which we are not commanded to 
pray ; as John says, 1 John v. 16. Thus thee 
may be convinced of the great difference in sin- 
ning : for if two persons commit the same sin, 
one of them may be lost and the other saved, 
as has been the case with the two criminals. 



( 53 ) 

crucified with Jesus, the one entered into Para- 
dise with Jesus, because he acknowledged his 
sins, and believed in him. The same may be 
the case in a congregation where two members 
sin alike ; the one hears, repents, and obtains 
forgiveness ; the other, not able to bear cor- 
rection, becomes hardened in pride and self- 
love, and will be lost. There is a great difference 
in committing sins, for which purpose David 
said, Blessed is the man unto whom the Lord 
imputeth not iniquity, and in whose spirit there 
is no guile. Ps. xxxii. 2. These are the pious 
souls who, after erring inconsiderately, easily 
repent when reproved by their fellow members. 
Of these James speaks ; for in many things we 
offend all. James iii. 2. There is therefore now 
no condemnation to them which are in Christ 
Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the 
Spirit. Rom. viiL 1. Whosoever is born of God 
doth not commit sin ; for his seed remaineth in 
him : and he cannot sin because he is born of 
God. 1 John iii. 9. These are the blessed seed 
of the woman, who are in dail^ warfare against 
sin as the seed of the devil, and between them 
and the seed of the serpent, there is a continual 
enmity, who still must feel its bruises in their 
heels, although its head, that is, its dominion, 
being bruised and destroyed. Therefore, the 
faithful as long as they live in the state of hu- 
mility, are called the contending church ; but 
they shall overcome by the blood of the Lamb. 
Rev. xii. 11. 



C 59 ) 

Son. I am now a little acquainted iVith the 
difference in sinning and forbearing with its 
causes ; but some when in a state of bondage, 
told me that they were very happy and could 
not feel its effects. Others too, said that it had 
no power, because they who were in that state 
were insensible of its influence, and were in 
good spirits. 

Father. If thee will attend to Gods design 
in this respect, thee will easily perceive how 
such poor souls who have no knowledge of God, 
are deceived by the subtlety of the serpent. For 
when originally they repent and believe iq the 
gospel of Jesus, they enter the church, and re- 
ceive divine ordinances by faith, assist for a while 
in conducting its oeconomy, and believe, what 
will bind the Lords community upon earth, will 
bind it also in heaven. But such poor souls do not 
contend for the faith according to the advice of 
the Apostle, Jude v. 3. but depart from it, 
and in their minds give heed to seducing spirits, 
which they view as angels, as Paul clearly 
writes, 1 Tim. iv, 1, and they hearken to them 
because they promise them liberty Sec. as Peter 
wrote to the faithful 2 Peter ii, 18, 19. Thus 
the conscience of these miserable souls, upon 
their departure from faith becomes seared, and 
may continue insensible of their exile condition 
until the day of judgment; they can even speak to 
the congregation of the Lord in a haughty tone ; 
you may exclude us as you please, God still will 
receive m into his grace, but tbey, who have 



( 60 ) 

been excommunicated for their sins, and still 
adhere to faith are sensible of their state and 
again return by -faith and repentance. But 
how great is the blindness of those, who still 
find fault with a congregation, for avoiding them 
that depart from faith, are insensibly of the ef- 
fects of excommunication, and even contend 
against the church of the Lord. For God him- 
self subjects the greatest part of mankind to a 
state of excommunication ; as is the case with 
all unconverted, who unless truly repenting and 
being born again by faith in Jesus, to live ac- 
cording to the will of God, still are the children 
of his wrath, which waits on them with ever- 
lasting punishment. Were we to attend but for a 
moment, to these persons, we will perceive, 
that they are lively and in good spirits, possess- 
ing even through the medium of the false doc- 
trine a hope for salvation. They are such of 
whom Jesus says, Matth. xxiv, 38, 39, For as 
in the days, that were before the flood, they 
were eating and drinking cc. in a word they 
were merry until the flood came and took them 
all away. They cared nothing for Noah's preach- 
ing and his building the Ark, neither did they 
believe, but in its stead greatly mocked at him. 
Even so will all unconverted be in the days of 
the coming of the son of man. They will not 
believe their condition to be so bad, because 
they possess no sensation of the divine excom- 
munication, to which they are subjected, for 
infidelity has hardened their hearts, similar to 



( 61 ) 

Lots wife, who became as a pillar of salt. The 
same will be the case with such poor souls who 
look back on their departure from sinful Sodom, 
have no faith in the gospel. Peter says, for it 
had been better for them, not to have known the 
way of righteousness than after they have known 
to turn from the holy commandment, delivered 
unto them, 2 Peter ii, 21. Therefore Jesus 
calls upon his followers, with a powerful voice, 
remember Lots wife. Luke xvii, 32, even the 
angels who have sinned, we are informed were 
rejected by God, and cast down to hell in chains 
of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment, 
2 Peter ii, 4. Now observe what these rejected 
angels do ! why they contend against the good, 
as may be seen in the epistle of Jude v. ix and 
Rev. xvii, 7. A combat likewise took place 
between Satan and Christ, Matth. iv. With 
the same propriety might these poor deluded 
people, say to God, that his excommunication 
had no effect. Dont be surprized, that as long 
as the rejected angels are permitted by God to 
contend against the good angels, that they who 
depart from faith, adhere to these unruly spirits 
contend against faith and give themselves trou- 
ble, which tends only to augment their damna- 
tion and to the proving of the faithful for confirm- 
ing their salvation. Therefore concern thyself 
littie about other people's conversation, for com- 
monly it is of a profane nature, and against the 
mind oi God and altnough their testimony be re- 
ceived bv some, the testimonv of God is greater, 

F 



( $2 ) 

John v. 9. For God has borne witnessof his son, 
and whosoever believes in the son, has the wit- 
ness in himself, which is more certain, than the 
testimony of men, be it of what appearance it 
may. This I trust now is sufficient information 
for thee, of the cause of excommunication, and 
of the nature of those who oppose the people of 
God. 

Son. But would the powers that be, suffer 
the church to establish such tribunal for the 
judging and excommunicating their members. 

Father. Such ordinance, thou shouldest ob- 
serve, cannot be against the will and intention 
of earthly rulers, but on the contrary is exceed- 
ingly beneficial to their state. Instructions of 
this kind, Paul has given to the faithful. Rom. 
xii. 1, 7. that every soul shall be subject for the 
Lord's sake, to human regulations, made by 
their rulers ; and render them tribute, custom, 
fear and honor : for all magistrates are ordain- 
ed by God to punish evil-doers and defend the 
good, in such a manner as to correspond with 
the will of God. In such of their subjects, there- 
fore, they should take great delight, especially 
if they walk in the fear of God, suffer among 
themselves no public transgressors, and give 
their rulers their dues, as well as the Lord .: for 
the Lord hath promised a time when kings shall 
be the nursing fathers of his people, and queen * 
their nursing mothers; Is. lx. 16. 



( 6S ) 

Of taking Oaths, 

Son. Will magistrates be satisfied with our 
bare affirmation according to the doctrine of 
Christ ? 

Father. If, agreeable to such doctrine, the 
faithful affirm with yea, what is so, and with 
nay, what is nay, is much preferable to making 
many oaths and not keeping them. More peace 
and safety exists in a government where the 
subjects in the fear of God, tell the truth with 
yea and nay, and adhere to it, than the oaths of 
those in whom no confidence can be placed. 

Of the examining ourselves, and proving others. 

Son I thank thee beloved father, for all thy 
instruction, and perceive clearly, that perfect 
instruction of divine things comes from God, 
and by faith are we required to continue in his 
word by which he manifested himself, and only 
then will the heart obtain a firmness through 
grace. But I have something more to ask, of 
which I heard thee say, and which I wish to 
know with certainty ; namely, Why do we not 
put people to a trial before we baptize and re- 
ceive them into the church, when, on the other 
hand, we first baptize, and afterwards, disown 
them for their improper conduct ; by which we 
give reason to suspect that the spirit of- exami- 
nation is not in us, which is undoubtedly neces- 
sary ? 



( 64 

Father. Dear son, if thou wilt listen to me, 
thou wilt observe the great ignorance of people 
in the mind and wiil of Goth and they judge 
according to human wisdom, and reject things 
because they do not understand them. But al- 
low me to set thee to rights again, and thee will 
agree, that I am not out of the way : for in the 
first place, are the faithful not allowed to be any 
otherwise minded in the house of God than as* 
he has manifested himself therein ; neither dare 
they pretend to be wiser, and although they be 
taken by men for fools, they must act neverthe- 
less agreeable to the model of divine wisdom. 
For, says Paul, If any among you seemeth to 
be wise in this world let him become a fool, 
that he may be wise ; for the wisdom of this 
world is foolishness with God. 1 Cor. iii. L8, 19. 
Now as the faithful in ail V ings, wholly must 
look upon God, they are justified in so doing, in 
the trial of their brethren. Nothing else there- 
fore, can we learn of God. but in this manner : 
namely, when he wished to prove a person or a 
nation, gave them his laws and commandments, 
and by these alone were they fully proved. 
That such always has been the manner of di- 
vine wisdom, and still is so, we may read in Si- 
rach iv. 19. vi. 22. Even Adam must be tried 
after he was placed in Paradise, and not before; 
and there his trial under the will of God, was for 
the purpose of knowing whether or not he 
would eat of the forbidden fruit. Noah, after 
him, was to be tried in his faith in building and 



< 65 ) 

entering tbe~ ark. Even Abraham the father 
of all believers had to undergo the severest 
trial. He had to leave his mother country, go 
through the ceremony of circumcision ; and 
what was still greater, was commanded to 
sacrifice his only son Isaac. Gen. xii. 1. xxii. 1, 
we observe too, that God fully tried the seed of 
Abraham in Egypt, and after having been led 
into the wilderness by a mighty hand, God be- 
gan to humble and prove them, even after they 
had the promise of the holy land, to know what 
was in their hearts, whether or not they were 
willing to keep his commandments ; as is to be 
seen Deut. viii. 2. In this trying wilderness 
most of them were overthrown for their unbe 
lief, and with whom God was not pleased, al- 
though having been baptized unto Moses in the 
cloud and in the sea, and having eaten all of the 
same meat, even as it is called in the book of 
wisdom, the food of angels, c. xvi. 20. They 
all drank of the same spiritual drink of that spi- 
ritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock 
was Christ. 1 Cor. x. 3, 4. These, therefore, did 
not hold out in their trial, for God required of 
them for his goodness, obedience to his com- 
mandments and laws. Now observe God's in- 
tention in the new covenant. In the first place, 
we read of no trial and temptation having oc- 
curred to the Son of God before his baptism : 
but as soon as this was performed by John in 
Jordan, and the voice from heaven heard, This 
is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased', 

F2 



( 66 ) 

Matt. iii. 1 6, 1 7. temptation began ; then was 
he tempted of the devil, scribes and Pharisees ; 
then was he to learn obedience, Heb. v. 8. and 
became obedient unto death, even the death of 
the cross. Philip, ii. 8. In the same manner as 
God the Father tempted his Son, so does the 
Son lead his followers. Then may the kingdom 
of heaven truly be compared to a net, that ga- 
thered of every kind of fish, but where the bad 
are cast away. Matt. xiii. 47, 48. For Jesus 
makes many disciples in faith and baptism. John 
iv. - 1. But they cannot be proven and chosen, 
unless by their cross and his doctrine. Never 
did Jesus, prove man without his gospel, but all 
that came to him, and believed on him, he re- 
ceived as disciples, but told them at the same 
time : If ye continue in my word, then are ye 
my disciples indeed, and ye shall k»ow the 
truth, and the truth shall make you free. John 
viii. 31, 32. Again said he to his Apostles ; If 
ye abide in me, as the branch does in the vine, 
ye will bring forth much fruit, but if ye will not 
abide in me, ye will be cast forth as a branch 
and be withered. John xv. 4, 6. No other mind 
must govern the church of Christ, but if a man 
will repent, publicly renounce the devil, world, 
and all sins, and acknowledge the doctrines of 
Jesus, it is their duty to admit him, although 
there be no certainty that he would continue firm 
in his profession : but while nothing- bad is 
known of him, he cannot be rejected by the 
congregation. Ity n * s foll'woing Jesus, it will be 
manifest whether or not he will reject his gos- 



( ™ ) 

pel as the only true test ; as wisdom shews in 
Sirach. vi.~22. Divine wisdom invites every bo- 
dy to come to her, even the simple, or such 
wanting understanding. Prov. ix. 1,4. And ex- 
cludes no man who follows the invitation of for- 
saking the road of foolishness, and going the 
way of understanding; then will man be fully 
tried in the house of God, whether he suffer his 
feet to be put in fetters, and his neck into the 
yoke. Sirach. vi. 25. If then he does not hold 
out faithful, the whole blame lays upon him : 
for it is God's design to prove men in his com- 
mandments, not before, but after they entered 
into covenant with him. Otherwise we might 
accuse God often in the Old Testament, for not 
proving the inconstant, previous to his adopting 
them and vouchsafing to them his promises. As 
well might Jesus be blamed for choosing disci- 
ples who proved unfaithful : Why did he not se- 
lect all such as he knew would continue stedfast? 
for it is written, that many of his disciples went 
back and walked with him no more. John vi. 66. 
Thus too, we might accuse all the Apostles for 
making disciples by the preaching of the gos- x 
pel, of whom many became apostates in different 
ways. The following comparison will add more 
light : namely, if two persons loved each other, 
and concluded to enter into matrimony, when 
can they try each other best, either before or af- 
ter that state ? Before, they are all free from 
the burden of house-keeping, the woman is not 
under the necessity of obeying the man, and 



( 68 ) 

Is free from the cares and infirmities of the wo* 
men, when they know of nothing but of love. 
JBut as soon as they make a public matrimonial 
contract with each other, and commence house- 
keeping, then may it be said that their time of 
trial begins ; then is the wife not to be allowed 
to have intercourse with any other except with 
her husband whom she must obey ; then will he 
discover her weaknesses ; then will the ex^> 
tremes of conjugal affection subside, and if they 
wish to enjoy peace, a divine love will be requi- 
site in its place, one whose fire must be kept up 
through life in prosperity and adversity, until 
death parts them. This then in the state of 
ynatrimopy among the faithful, representing 
Christ and his church, Ephes. v. 32. 

Worldly minded men whenever they wish to 
get married, sometimes adhere to one, and 
sometimes to another, and commonly are very 
unstable j they likewise find fault with the con- 
duct of married people, and believe that they 
can far exceed them in leading a good life ; 
however, upon their entering that state, they 
must too often learn how to conduct a family, 
then they sometimes become adulterers, and 
have not love and patience enough to hold out 
in the trial, Now examine the case in the spi- 
ritual way ; how many souls have been excited 
to abandon the great whore, have come out of 
Babylon, and now court in many ways the doc- 
trine of Christ. One takes a passage out of the 
ITestament here, and another there, which they 



( 69 ) 

embrace, and even pretend great love to- 
ward each other; call each other brethren ^nd 
sisters, walking thus together, without being 
bound or baptized by one spirit into one body, 1 
Cor. xii. 13. Therefore they avail themselves 
of the liberty to adhere to what they please, one 
to one. and another to another opinion, one to 
this and the other to another spirit, thus solac- 
ing themselves with this species of 'ove, so that 
the saying will apply very well to them that 
love overs all and gives no chastisement The 
unrestrained love in courtship, its jtrue rovers 
all, for where it exists no sacred ties take place 
between Christ and his church, to walk accord- 
ing to his ordinances, but a love connected with 
these ties is not false, it moreover rates uil evil, 
wicked and sinful acts, Rom xiii. 9. Behold 
then, these amorous souls undertake to reflect 
upon them that entered into these ties, in their 
edifying and admonishing each other, for should 
it happen that one of the latter turns out to be 
different from what he should be that it adheres 
to another spirit, they themselves viewing him 
as an adulterer, and if he hears not. exclude 
him from the congregation. One thus exclud- 
ed, in his turn will again unite himself with 
these courtiers, where with all false spirts he 
will exercise his unbridled love out of the house 
and church of the Lord as he pleases, uch in- 
deed must be a great freedom of mind, but 
where, why out of the house of God, his church, 
and kingdom ; for in his kingdom no such dis- 



( ?o ) 

order or false liberty exists, but it is all order 
and unity ; even the angels in heaven regulate 
their will agreeably to the will of God, for were 
this not the case, they could not exist in his 
kingdom ; for the moment they deviate in this 
respect, they were cast down to Hell and de- 
livered into chains of darkness to be reserved 
unto judgment, 2 Pet. ii. 4. Behold this is the 
nature of the true love of God. For such ac- 
cording to the doctrine and comparison of their 
master must be the intention of all believers, 
that if one of the members of thy body offend 
thee, pluck it out and cast it from thee, Matth. 
xviii. This commandment Jesus particularly 
gave to his church, being his body, that it 
should cut off all sinful and offensive members, 

to prevent the destruction of the whole body 

A love of this nature also has been commanded 
by God in the law, that if thy friend, who is as 
thine own soul, entice thee secretly to serve 
other gods not commanded by God, thou shalt 
not hearken unto him ; neither shall thine eye 
pitty him, Deut. xiii. 6. Behold of this love 
every courtier is ignorant, and is so as long- as 
he refuses to enter into the sacred ties with 
Christ or in his doctrine and ordinances. Still 
he looks upon himself as possessing an impar- 
tial love, and is respected by inexperienced 
souls, as a person walking in great godly love 
and sound faith. But it will be known to have 
been but a false love, well varnished by bright 
and ingenious discourses, by which many in- 



( 71 ) 

iiocent souls are deceived. Therefore says the 
scripture, let love be without dissimulation* 
Rom. xii. 9. Now the end of the command- 
ment is charity, out of a pure heart, and of a 
good conscience, and of faith unfeigned. From 
which some having swerved, have turned aside 
unto vain jangling, 1 Tim. i. 5, 6. Thus thee 
may see that a feigned faith and love can exist* 

Of Love, 

Son. But by what do we prove true love 
>and sound faith, or false love and varnished 
faith ? 

Father. True faith and that which hath 
the promise of everlasting life, must be con* 
formable to scripture, it must be as Jesus said 5. 
he that believeth on me as the scripture hath, 
said, out of his body shall flow rivers of living 
water, John vii. 38. A scriptural faith will also 
produce a scriptural love. For this is the love 
of God, that we keep his commandments, 1 
John v. 3. If ye love me, ye will keep my 
commandments. He that hath my command- 
ments, and keepeth them, he it is that loveth 
me ; and if a man love me, he will keep my 
words, John xiv. 15, 21, 23. By which scrip- 
tural love all men are to know his disciples, 
John xiii. 34, 25. For as Christ was bom, cru- 
cified, and raised according to the scriptures, 1 
Cor. xv. 3, 4. So he taught his believers a scrip- 
tural faith, and according to the scriptures^ 



( 72 ) 

promised them an everlasting life. But a feign- 
ed love and faith is not authorized by scripture, 
but is built upon the wisdom of men ; thus one 
will believe as he was taught by his learned pre- 
decessor, the other will be regulated by some 
book, and the third by his own opinion and will, 
whereas the scripture expressly says, that there 
is but one Lord, one faith, one baptism, Eph. iv. 
5. should ten persons be influenced by a var- 
nished faith, and they were all examined ac- 
cording to the scripture, it would appear, that 
each one would be governed by a peculiar faith, 
and not one would correspond with the scrip- 
ture 5 for there is only one true and unfeigned 
faith according to the scriptures, and all they 
possess this faith are of one mind. 

Of Faith. 

Son. But I have been informed that all re- 
ligious sects appeal to Scripture, and therefore 
we cannot be allowed to maintain our faith 
agreeably to that authority. 

Father. Whoever says, because all sects ap- 
peal to Scripture, that therefore no such liberty 
is to be given to the true believer, necessarily 
must be a miserable and an ignorant person. 
That all sects allow the divine origin cf the 
Scripture, and appeal to it, although not believ- 
ing in it, drives great support to the faith of the 
believer. That there is still a great difference 
between appealing to, and believing in, the 



( *3 ) 

-llojy Scriptures, thee may perceive from tlse 
conversation between Jesus and the Jews. For 
had ye believed Moses, ye would have believed 
me ; for he wrote of me. John v. 46. The Jews* 
its true, all appealed to Moses, but in his wri- 
tings they did not believe. Thus all sects appeal 
to Scripture, and even to Jesus himself. In the 
same manner, therefore, as they believe in Je- 
sus, so they believe in the Scriptures : can a 
true believer of course be so stupid, as to think, 
or say, because all sects appeal to a crucified Sa- 
viour, therefore I cannot have the same privi- 
lege ; this therefore, would answer the devil's 
purpose extremely well. But no ! true believ- 
ers have been taught otherwise by their Mas- 
ter : for as the devil in his temptation of Jesus, 
appealed to the Scriptures, an appeal was made 
to the Scriptures by Jesus also, in his answer. 
See Matt. jiv. 6, 7. Admitting that the devil and 
all false spirits appeal to Scripture, it is certain, 
that they do not believe in it. Thee will also 
discover, that the same persons, endeavouring 
to mislead a believer, by saying that all sects 
appeal to Scripture, always will appeal to that 
authority themselves. The faithful children of 
God therefore, always look upon their heavenly 
Father, believe, and follow him in his manifest- 
ed word, because they are certain that God and 
his revealed word exactly correspond with each 
other, otherwise a believer would be under the 
necessity of omitting a great deal, by not doing 
what the wicked and infidels do in their unbelief 

G 



( U ) 

He would not be allowed to pray, sing, labour, 
eat, sleep, kc« which to the wicked is all sin» 
and to God an abomination. For -unto the pure, 
all things are pure ; but unto them that are de- 
filed and unbelieving is nothing pure. Tit. i. 15. 
For observe well in all things the true meaning 
according to the Scripture, that thee may not be 
confused, as is the case with many at present, 
where the ungodly perform divine service, as 
praying, singing, holding meetings, baptizing, 
going to sacrament and such like. Blind rea- 
son here may tell thee, that if such be the prac- 
tice of these people, it will be no harm for thee 
entirely to neglect it. Such indifferent persons 
indeed, may be confounded in various ways, that 
finally they will be utterly at a loss what to think 
or believe. Then will they be compelled to 
point out their own course, of which perhaps not 
the smallest trace exists in Scripture. In pursu- 
ing this, they will imagine to have exceeded the 
Apostles, and thus totally reject every counsel, 
either from the Scriptures or Apostles. Even 
in my time have I known and been informed of 
people, whose course I discovered to end in 
great depravity. Their ruined condition was 
such, that finally they believed in nothing at all, 
and fully walked on the broad road to destruc- 
tion. May God in his grace, through Christ, 
preserve every simple believer against such a 
condition, that they may not aspire to rise too 
high, but on the contrary, be satisfied in a hum- 
ble sphere. Rom. xii. 16. And Paul says to hie; 



( 75 ) 

son Timothy ; because thou hast known the 
Holy Scriptures from a child, they are able to 
make thee wise unto salvation through faith,- 
which is in Christ Jesus. All Scriptiire is given 
by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doc- 
trine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction 
in righteousness ; that the man of God may be 
perfect, thoroughly furnished unto all good 
works. 2 Tim. iii. 15, 17. 

Son. Are we in all respects to believe the 
evidence of the Holy Scriptures, and is a believ- 
er bound to believe and obey the same, or does 
the Spirit of God not rather at time .'ead us in 
ways, different from what the Scripture literal- 
ly tells us ? 

Father. 'Tis not necessary to tell a believer 
that he is absolutely bound to believe and obey 
the Scripture, for no person can be faithful 
without the Holy Ghost, who must work out 
faith. The Scripture therefore, only is an exter- 
nal evidence of things formerly taught and com- 
manded by the Holy Ghost, containing the pro- 
mises and threats p/onounced by him. If there- 
fore, a person obtain of God the, Father of all 
spirits, through his grace, the Holy Ghost, by 
true repentance, it will be th-e same spirit of 
faith, who worked in Peter, Paul, and John, ma- 
ny hundred years ago. He is the same in all the 
faithful, although working in greater capacity 
in the Apostles, for the spread of the gospel, 
and what they wrote and commanded, all believ- 
ers a^ree to, while thev continued sound in the 



( '6 ) 

faith. As long therefore, as there is but one God 
and one Spirit, the object of this one Holy Spi- 
rit can be no other than s an ctifi cation, which 
was the same many hundred years ago : what 
therefore the Holy Ghost has ordered the faith- 
ful to observe, is externally recorded, corre- 
sponding* with the approbation of all the faith- 
ful, for he gives the same doctrine internally, 
what the Scripture gives externally. But when- 
ever persons examine the Scripture with their 
own wisdom and fleshly minds, they read it 
without the spirit of faith, and cannot believe its 
external evidence, nor be obedient thereto. 
They are not bound to obey its commandments, 
because they do not consider it directed to them. 
Thus, were a king to give laws, and record 
them for the use of his subjects, connected with 
great promises and threats, in case of obedience 
or disobedience, others not his subjects would 
read them perhaps with a great noise, but with 
little or no concern for obeying them. The same 
holds good with the Holy bcriptures; for in- 
stance, with the New Testament. Whoever 
reads it, may see what Jesus the King of kings 
has promised to all men, who truly repent, be- 
lieve in, and faithful) v follow him in all his com- 
mandments. They cay likewise see and read of 
his threats to ail hardened sinners, not repenting 
and believing in his gospel, or even refusing the 
government of his Spirit in the obedience of his 
commandments as recorded in Scripture. 'Tis 
true, a man may read the bare scriptural word, 



( . 77 ) 

speak and write of it, but if he has not the spi- 
rit of faith in him, will concern himself little or 
nothing about its commandments, nor be much 
terrified at its threats. The reason is plain, their 
ears are not opened. Thus Jesus said to the peo- 
ple who heard him preach ; he that hath ears 
to hear, let him hear. Matt. xi. 15. xiii. 43. 
And in the revelation of St. John, the Spirit of 
God calls upon the seven churches : he that 
hath an ear let him hear what the Spirit saith 
unto the churches. Rev. ii. 7. Thus, a believer 
whose internal ears are opened, if he reads the 
Holy Scriptures, hears what Jesus enjoins in 
his doctrine, what the apostles require in their 
writings, and by this internal hearing be excited 
to true obedience externally, he reads the scrip- 
tures in faith, and hears the internal word of 
life, which gives him power and vigour to fol- 
low Jesus. But where fai^h is wanting, it is an 
easy matter for a man to hear and read the bare 
word, and say it is a dead letter which I cannot 
obey, because I am not internally convinced of 
what is externally written ; but he is ignorant 
of his want of sound faith, and the true love of 
God. John xiv. 15. 

Of External and Internal Word. 

Son. But numbers tell me that christians be- 
ing bound by the new covenant, and the law of 
God, written in their hearts, are not compelled 
to obev implicitly the external scripture. 

G2 



( n 1 

Father. I am glad that thou hast started this 
question. By a serious attention thoii wilt un- 
derstand the design of God, and perceive that 
such assertions contain in part, truths, and in 
part lies. For as the Lord God by Moses, for- 
merly manifested his law to his people, he 
wrote the commandments on two tables of stone, 
and gave them to Moses, to put into the ark of 
the covenant ; Deut. x. 1,5. Heb. ix. 4. Of 
which they were to take a copy, and write them 
upon the posts of their houses. Deut. vi. 6. 9. 
It is written* that the words of the command- 
ments should be in their hearts, of which they 
should talk to their children, bind them for a 
sign upon their hands, and write them upon the 
posts of their houses and gates. The ex- 
ternal copy of course, was a faithful transcript 
of the writing of God when the tables of stone, 
laid up in the holy place, within the ark of the 
covenant, so that the external and internal law 
were of the same import The Holy of Holies, 
in the ark of the covenant, containing the com- 
mandments, may represent the heart of each 
believer in the new covenant, containing doubt- 
less, also the tables of the commandments of his 
God ; written not by the hand of man, but by 
the Holy Ghost. This therefore, stands in close 
connexion with the external writings in the 
New Testament, which flowed from the interi- 
or, and is the very image of the inward living 
word of God. But where a person says out of 
mere pride, that the laws of God are in his 



k ™ ) 

heart, and still wars against the commandments,, 
rights, and laws, commanded by the Son of 
God and his Apostles, of which the Scriptures 
testify, thee may safely believe him to be of a 
carnal mind, not possessing any other laws in 
his heart, than such as have been written by the 
spirit of error and falsehood. Again, where the 
law of God is written in the heart, it is an evi- 
dence that they are all of one faith, one baptism, 
and one spirit, according to Christ Jesus. It 
was the design of the true Law-giver that his 
disciples all should be one, even as the Father 
and Son. John xvii. 1 1. On the contrary, where 
a spurious gospel is received and written in the 
heart by the spirit of error, it is in the first 
place, quite ignorant in divine things. Ps. v. 10. 
In the second, it separates men from the com- 
mandments and ordinances of God, and causes 
among them many religious professions and 
opinions. This have I experienced in many, 
who said they were a free people, under no 
compulsion to obey the letter of the New Tes- 
tament, because the law of God was already 
written in their hearts. But equally have I seen 
such whereof not two, even in the beginning of 
their christian life, were, according to the Scrip- 
ture, of one mind. For as many as there existed 
of this high disposition, so many different opin- 
ions had they among them. To me indeed, this 
often appeared to be a very curious spirit, wri- 
ting so many different laws in the different 
hearts of men. Even in the days of the propheJt 



( so 3 

Jeremiah, Gocl complained that the Israelites 
were corrupted by false prophets, forsook his 
laws and altars, and in their false liberty, as 
they thought proper, made for themselves in 
their room, other gods and altars. Jer. xi. 13. 
The same is the case with people in our times,, 
who boast of great liberty, without obeying, 
agreeably to the Scripture, the divine counsels 
and commandments. The saying here is per- 
fectly true : As many people, as many spirits, 
and as many laws. But however great their spi- 
ritual pretensions may be, it still continues to 
be Babylon, confusion and discord, As builders, 
they refuse to desist, although the Lord confu- 
sed their language. Seeing that many learned 
and wise have built, been disgraced, and turned 
fools, being destitute of the knowledge of Jesus; 
still they begin again to build this confused ed- 
ifice. The consequence will be an additional 
confusion and abomination, and if no cessation 
takes place, their minds will be corrupted to 
such a degree as totally to be unfit for believing. 
Yet their folly shall be manifest unto all men as 
is written 2 Tim. iii. 9. Now I trust thee to be 
convinced, tljat both true and false laws may be 
written in the hearts of men ; the false by the 
spirit of error, in the hearts of the unbelieving ; 
and the true by the Holy Spirit of truth, in the 
children of the new covenant or the true believ- 
ers, perfectly corresponding with what Christ 
and the Apostles commanded and recorded in 
the Scriptures. 



( 81 ) 

Son. The instructions which thou hast giveh 
me are satisfactory, they are no less useful than 
they were necessary, for by them I am led 
to discover that a great discernment is requisite 
in these times to know the difference between 
truth and falsehood. But I must add another 
question, whether the following passage from 
the Acts, is still to be observed, namely, the 
Apostles at Jerusalem have forbidden the be- 
lievers from the heathen nation to eat blood, and 
from things strangled, c. xv. 29. 

Of things strangled and of blood. 

Father. Blood in the Old Testament having 
been considered as necessary for atonement, 
God said to Noah when permitting him and his 
sons lo eat flesh, that the flesh with the life 
thereof, which is the blood thereof, they should 
not eat, Gen. ix. 4. Again God commanded his 
people by Moses to eat no manner of blood, 
whether of fowl, or of beast, and said that what- 
soever soul it be that eateth any manner of 
blood, even that soul shall be cut off from his 
people, Lev. vii. 26, 27. God expressed the 
same stiil mere clearly, when he said, what- 
soever man there be of the house of Israel, or of 
the strangers that sojourn among you, that eat- 
eth any manner of blood ; I will even set my 
face against that soul that eateth blood, and will 
cut him off from among his people, for the life 
of the flesh is in the blood ; and I have given it 



' ( 2 ) 

to you upon the altar, to make an atonement for 
your souls, for it is the blood that maketh an 
atonement for the soul, therefore I said unto 
you, no soul of you shall eat blood, Lev. xvii. 
10, 12. Thus thee may see, why God in the 
Old Testament has forbidden his people to eat 
blood. In the time of the Apostles the Holy 
Ghost was pleased to command to abstain from 
eating blood as well as from acts of fornication, 
as a necessary observance for the faithful, both 
from among the Jews and gentiles, Acts xv. 29. 
The reason of not eating blood by the christians, 
is that the blood of the Son of God is an atone- 
ment for them, and is forbidden both in the Old 
and New Testament. The language of the 
first christians to the heathens was thus, name- 
ly, we are not as brutal and desirous as the beasts 
to eat their flesh with the blood ; they even in- 
flicted a state of bondage on a man who proved 
to be guilty of this act, as may be seen in God- 
frey Arnold's Portrait of the Primitive Christ- 
ians. 

So?i. But do we not read that nothing enter- 
ing man from without can defile him, as Jesus 
said, Mark vii. 15. And the Apostle said, 
whatsoever is sold in the shambles, thai eat, I 
Cor. x. 25. 

Father, People who say this, have no under- 
standing of the unity of the spirit : they think 
that the scriptures and the Spirit of God are as 
discordant as they are themselves : for where 
any thing is prohibited in one place, they have 



( *3 ) 

an idea that it may be allowed in another. Had 
Christ alluded to forbidden things, we might 
safely commit the sin of drinking to excess, and 
had Paul's sentiments been without distinction, 
non eatables would likewise come under the 
same order. Paul's allusions only respecting 
natural food, blood therefore cannot be consider- 
ed as an article of that description. Thus it is a 
settled point, that the eating of blood and things 
strangled, as well as acts of fornication are for- 
bidden by the Holy Ghost and Apostles. 

Of Matrimony. 

Son. Do tell me also, how the case stands 
with respect to matrimony under the new cov- 
enant, whether the faithful are permitted to 
marry, or how that state is to be conducted ? 

Father. The Lord God himself instituted 
that state in Paradise, as Jesus said to the Pha- 
risees : Have ye not read, that he who made 
them in the beginning, made them male and fe- 
male, and that they should be no more twain, 
but one fiesh. That this state is for the pur- 
pose of two persons who in the fear and faith of 
God are to be one, and was instituted and bless- 
ed by himself, may be seen in the cases of 
Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the saints of the 
Old Testament. That it is to be Conducted in 
unity and purity ; likewise has been expressed 
in the law. Thus God has forbidden the chil- 
dren of Israel to marry any other than out of 



( 84 ) 

the seed of Abraham, Deut. vii. 3. And when 
he was about to give his commandments to the 
Israelites, he told them by Moses, to be prepar- 
ed against the third day, and not to come at their 
-wives, Exod. xix, 15. Again, that if a woman 
bear a maid child, she shall continue in the 
blood of her purifying three score and six days, 
Lev. xii. 5. And during her regular sickness, 
abstinance was strictly commanded, Lev. xx. 18. 
From all these commandments it is clear that 
the state of matrimony is a regulation of decen- 
cy and not in concupiscence as among the 
heathens, who are ignorant of God and his will, 
that it is to he conducted in that manner. (The 
same in the New Testament is to be respected 
as an ordinance still more holy.) And to the 
unmarried the apostle Paul says, that it would 
be good for them if they abide even as he. For 
if the single state be conducted in the purity of 
the spirit, and flesh, in the true faith of Jesus, 
and kept in true humility, it may be considered 
as an higher grade of perfection, and a nearer 
resemblance of the image of Jesus. But if a 
single person marries he commits no sin, pro- 
vided it be done in the fear of the Lord ; that is 
in the true faith of Christ, and in unity accord- 
ing to his doctrine and commandments, or in 
other words, to be one flesh even as Christ and 
his church, Eph. v. 30. For in no other man- 
ner can a man be one flesh with Christ or of his 
bones, than by following in obedience and faith 
the word, which is Jesus, and which he has 



C 85 ) 

taught. Such flesh and bones cannot signify 
the perishable flesh of the faithful, for the flesh 
of Christ is imperishable. In like manner must 
the true state of matrimony which has been in- 
stituted by God, be conducted, that not only they 
be one flesh according to the outward flesh and 
perishable part, but much more according to 
the inward part in the will of their God must 
they have one flesh and one faith in Christ Jesus. 
Jn no other manner than as mentioned in scrip- 
ture has the state of matrimony been instituted 
and consecrated. But where people marry on 
account of pleasures and riches, and not look 
upon the unity of faith in Christ ; such a state 
lies under the curse, and justly is to be rejected 
by the faithful, and is improper in the house and 
church of the Lord, and always has been pun- 
ished by God. As may be seen, that when the 
sons" of God turned away from him, and be- 
came fleshly minded, saw the daughters of men 
that they were fair, and took to them wives of 
all which they chose, a flood necessarily came 
and destroyed them all. The scripture called 
those from the tribe of Seth, the children of 
God, because he having been Adam's son, be- 
gotten after his image, Gen. v. 3. But the chil- 
dren of men were from the tribe of Cain, whom 
the Lord cursed for murdering his brother,... 
God did not permit these two tribes to mix with 
each other, but they disobeyed and mixed, and 
they all perished from the face of the earth, 
with the exception of a .seed from the tribe of 

H 



( 86 

Seth, consisting of Noah and his sons.- The 
devil, however, soon brought one of his sons, 
named Ham, under the curse of his father, 
Gen. ix. 25. God therefore made no selections 
from Ham's, but from Shem's tribe, his brother, 
of whom Abraham for instance was born the 
father of all faithful. Abraham upon marrying 
his son Isaac, from his acquaintance with the 
will of God, said to his eldest servant that he 
should not take a wife unto his son of the daugh- 
ters of the Canaanites, namely, from the tribe of 
Ham ; but go to Abraham's country and kin- 
dred, and take a wife to his son Isaac. The 
same disposition governed Isaac when blessing 
and commanding his son Jacob not to take a 
wife of the daughters of Canaan, but to go to 
his mother's father's house and take a wife of 
his daughters. But Esau, likewise Isaac's son, 
a wild man and hated by God, not regarding the 
will of God, but courting at pleasure and con- 
veniency, took two wives, not of his kindred, but 
of the Hittites, which was a grief of mind to 
Isaac and Rebecca. The wise king Solomon, 
when conquered by the love and courteousness 
of strange women, and marrying contrary to the 
law, even fell under the displeasure of God, so 
that his whole kingdom was rent out of his hand. 
The Jews too, when rebuilding the temple at the 
time of Nehemiah, repented and separated 
themselves from all strange women which they 
had taken, of whom some even had children, 



( &r ) 

as thee may see in the tenth chapter in the book 
of Ezra. 

Son. But if people marry without the pos- 
session of faith, and the one part in the mean 
time should be converted and become faithful, 
may it still live with the unbelieving- ? 

Father. This no doubt frequently was the 
case among the first christians, that one of the 
two only became faithful. Paul therefore re- 
commends to the faithful to continue with the 
unbelieving as long as the latter be pleased to 
dwell with the former, but if it made proposals 
for parting, the faithful no longer will be bound 
in such cases, 1 Cor* vii, 12. 15. It ought 
therefore well to be observed what Paul says of 
the married of the faithful in the foregoing 
verses, where the Lord says, let not the wife de- 
part from her husband ; but if she depart, let 
her remain unmarried. But to the rest speak I, 
not the Lord. If any brother hath a wife that 
believeth not, and if she be pleased to dwell with 
him, let him not put her away. By this we are 
to understand, that the unbelieving is not to be 
a brute like some people, who like Lions and 
other wild beasts continually grumble, and de- 
stroy every good by force ; or should it shew it- 
self in every base and adulterous act, so that the 
believing part only is to serve as its cloak to 
cover its shame, in that case it cannot be bound 
to dwell with such an inconsistent being. 



88 ) 



Of Adultery. 

'Son. But should among married people one 
be seduced by the devil to commit adultery, 
shall they be permitted still to live with each 
other. 

Father. In the first place it is commanded 
in the law of Moses to kill adulterers, and not 
to suffer any one of them in the house of the 
Lord. But if a man has set his wife at liberty 
by a letter of divorcement, she was no more to 
be considered as an aduitress, although married 
with another, yet if the latter husband dies, her 
former would not have been allowed to take her 
again to be his wife, for then she would have 
been and considered as an abomination before 
the Lord, Deut. xxiv. 3. 4. How great then 
must the crime of adultery be, and how much 
it operates against a believer to marry an adul- 
terous whorish body, is evident from its great 
corruption it produces in the sight and congre- 
gation of the Lord, and therefore as such an 
abomination cannot be permitted. No other 
remedy against such an offence than actual se- 
paration could be prescribed unless in cases of 
serious repentance. 

Of Excommunication. 

Son. But if either party of husband or wife 
sins so as to be excommunicated by the church* 



( 89 ) 

is the other party to have no communication 
with it ? 

Father. God commanded in the Old Testa- 
ment, that if thy brother, son, or daughter, or 
the wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, who is as 
thine own soul, entice thee secretly, saying, let 
us serve other gods, which thou hast not known, 
thou shalt not consent, nor shall thine, eye pity 
or spare him, neither shalt thou conceal him, 
but thine hand first shall be upon him, to put 
him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the 
people, Deut. xiii. 6. 8. 9. Thus thee may see 
of what little consequence the closet connections 
were to him who was to be put to death under 
the law. - This itself represented the state of 
excommunication in the church of God in the. 
new covenant. There Jesus said, if thy brother 
transgress against thee, (alluding to husband 
and wife, children and parents if belonging to 
the congregation of the Lord) and if he shall 
neglect to hear thee and the church, let him be 
unto thee as an heathen man, and a publican, 
Matth. xviii. 1 7. This forbearance for the pur- 
pose of escaping corruption both in spiritual as 
well as bodily communication is to be observed 
even among the nearest connections. In DeuU 
xvii. 7. it is strongly marked out, namely, if one 
has transgressed, so that he must suffer death, 
the hands of the witnesses first shall be upon 
the perpetrator, and then the hands of all the 
people. And when Israel had transgressed 
through the medium of the Golden Calf, the 

H 2 



( *> ) 

kevites were commanded by God to slay fforii 
gate to gate throughout the camp every man his 
brother, companion and neighbour, and then a 
blessing was bestowed upon them by Moses..... 
Thus in Christendom it is exceedingly neces- 
sary to renounce all for the Lord's sake. The* 
'doctrine of Jesus in self denial purports the 
same thing. It is an easy matter, however, 
for the unenlightened in many cases to assist in 
excommunicating as long as they are not under 
the necessity of denying themselves, their com- 
panions and children, but the moment this takes 
place, their natural affections alas often prove to 
be stronger than their Jove for divine things, 
which doubtless will end in destruction. It's 
therefore a settled point what Jesus says, that 
whosoever loveth any thing more than me is; 
not worthy of roe. 

Of outward Wor shift. 

Son. Thee told me however of a number of 
things, which in the opinion of many were need- 
less to be observed by the faithful. They were 
no more under the necessity of dwelling upon 
them, from their having been transferred to a 
heavenly condition, and conversant in nothing 
else but religious affairs. 

Father, True, such people I have seen 
enough myself, but they who hold up doctrines 
in its favor err greatly. The reason is plains 
thev are in want of that humble mind so sub- 



91 ) 

missive to divine councils and ordinances, and 
faithfull in little, consequently will be elevated 
over the great. There is a time for humiliation, 
and a time for exaltation. 

Jesus first appeared in this world in a low and 
humble station, in a humble and voluntary sub- 
mission to the will of his father. In future he 
will appear as an exalted Christ, in great glory. 
Therefore, every soul wishing to share in his 
exaltation previously must follow him in a 
state of humility, and not be ashamed to con- 
fess him before men in all his commandments, 
so that at first he be little in little and finally ex- 
alted, in no other manner can success be en- 
sured. Thus has the church of the Lord 
always been little and despised in the eyes of 
the world ; it has continually been rejected as 
the sweepings of the dust. Such men of course 
greatly err in their thoughts, who pretend that 
it is needless for the faithful to be baptized with 
elementary water, and drink the earthly wine of 
communion, for announcing the death of Jesus, 
but in its room drinking spiritual water, and 
what other like high pretentions they may have 
against the clear evidence of the Holy Scrip- 
ture. It is therefore very necessary for us to 
look wholly to the testimony of Jesus and his 
complete example, and to avoid being misled 
by these high toned people, we must simply 
follow his example in the obedience of faith, 
and ^ring every thought into captivity under 
thaj obedience, 



( 92 J 

Of the excuses of Unbelievers. 

Son. But I have heard many appeal to saints 
such as Taulerus, Thomas A. Kempis, and 
others, who have written fine spiritual books, 
without mentioning any thing respecting the 
practice of the outward doctrines of Jesus. 

Father. Men who appeal to mens evidences, 
infer, that they are destitute of the evidence of 
Jesus ; therefore says St. John, if we receive 
the witness of men, the witness of God is great- 
er : for this is the witness of God which he has 
testified of his Son. He that believeth on the 
Son of God hath the witness in himself: he 
that believeth not God hath made him a liar ; be- 
cause he believeth not the record that God gave 
of his Son, 1 John v. 9. 10. Such testimony is 
essential to salvation and peculiar to saints. But 
it is very dangerous to appeal to men who are 
still under the influence of Babylon, and even 
not agree with them under such circumstances, 
for who might agree with those who are under 
the influence of Popish institutions, who per- 
haps have avoided out of fear what otherwise 
they might have confessed. But an appeal to 
saints is as absurd, as though the world were to 
appeal to Christ and his Apostles, and yet not 
harmonize with their doctrine and conduct. 
Such poor souls therefore are to bo pitied, who 
wish to ground their faith upon such a slender 
foundation, which in time of affliction will afford 
no consolation. But the Son of God ;ias taught 



( 93 ) 

that whosoever heareth these sayings of ratine* 
and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise 
man, who built his house upon a rock, Matth. 
vii. 24. Our Saviour further says, verily, verily, 
I say unto you, he that heareth my word and be- 
lieveth on him that sent me, hath everlasting 
life, and shall not come into condemnation, John 
v. 24. Again, whosoever believeth in me will 
never die. These are true testimonies to him 
who believeth, but how wretched is it to appeal 
to the testimonies and practices of men as pat- 
terns in divine things, and passing by the ex- 
amples of Christ and his Apostles, rather let us 
remember what Paul says, but though we or an 
angel from heaven, preach any other gospel 
unto you than that which we have preached unto 
you, let him be accursed, Gal. i. 8. Behold 
this then to be the only gospel to which we shall 
listen, to which Moses and the prophets have 
pointed, and was revealed by Christ and his 
Apostles; neither can it be altered nor defamed 
either by the holiness of angels, men, or even 
by the power and dbminion of the whole world. 
To add any thing to, or take away from it, would 
bring upon us the displeasure of God, for it is 
as firm as his mountain, and by Christ com- 
pared to a stone, namely, whosoever shall fall 
on this stone shall be broken ; but on whomso- 
ever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder, 
Matth, xxi. 44. 



< ».* y 

Of the Reward of the Faithful,.. 

Son. Thou hast told me a great deal of the 
doctrine of our Saviour, that it was necessary 
for us to deny ourselves, follow him, and con- 
tinue firm under crosses and afflictions, until! our 
dissolution, what may our expectations be, and 
what our reward ? 

Father. The riches and glories to be obtain- 
ed through Christ, are of such magnitude as to 
be inexpressible by any human tongue ; nor can 
any one describe what God has prepared for 
those who love him. For this purpose I shall 
repeat to thee the Spirit of God's expression 
relating to it in the Scriptures. The Son of God 
himself testified that whosoever believethinhim, 
should not perish, but have eternal life. John iiL 
15. This itself even, is a great expression of 
eternal glory. It cannot be like the life of the 
kings and great of this world, for this scarcely 
is similar to the breadth of an hand, and at the 
same time full of deficiency, disease, fear, dis- 
quietude, danger of dissolution, &c. and at last 
will be utterly extinguished. But it is such a 
fulness of joy, which is no more liable to any 
cessation, and will continue forever. J Tis a state 
destitute of either pain, fear, want, inconveni- 
ence, or even complaint ; for as the life will be 
everlasting, so will be its joy : as God said 
through the prophet ; Everlasting joy shall be 
upon their heads. Is. xxxv. 10. Here even, will 
proceed out of the throne of God and the Lamb, 



t , •« ) 

a purs river of water of life, and on either side 
thereof will be there the tree of life, bearing the 
most precious fruits. Rev. xxii. ',2. It is here 
where the city of God will be manifested amidst 
this happy state of existence. Rev. xxi. whose 
streets will be of pure gold and precious stones; 
and where the faithful will sing the glorious 
hallelujah. Job xiii. 22. They will be clothed 
with white robes and palms in their hands. Rev. 
vii. 9. They will even sing and rejoice. There 
the Lamb will lead them unto living fountains 
of water, and feed them with fruit of immortal- 
ity. It will heighten their joy still more, when 
they shall behold Jesus in his great glory and 
majesty, with millions of his saints and angels 
surrounding his throne, and with a loud voice 
in holiness and joy, sing everlasting hallelujah, 
that the creatures which were liberated shall be 
induced to bring unto the Lamb that was slain, 
blessing, honor, glory and power, for ever and 
ever. Rev. v. 12, 13. Nay, their pleasure must 
become still greater, when they behold Jesus in 
his glorified humanity. They will even be asto- 
nished at so few having loved and followed him, 
who alone was so powerful and glorious. Yes, 
the faithful will evince their astonishment at 
their having been less willing in this world than 
what they should have been to sacrifice their 
lives and all what they had, for the sake of this 
heavenly King and his holy doctrine. They will 
equally be convinced that Jesus forsook these 
glories, came into the world, and died on their 



( 96 ) 

# 

account in order that they might obtain salta- 
tion, which will still more increase their praise 
and gratitude to all eternity. Then, what a life 
of jubilation will be there, where thousands al- 
ready have their existence before the throne of 
God, surrounded in every direction by the rays 
of his glory, and where the seraphims join in 
the majestic song, Holy, holy, holy is God the 
Father, Son and Holy Ghost. 

Of Everlasting Torment. 

Son. But if the true believers shall enjoy 
such great and inexpressible blessings, what 
will be the fate of the unbelievers who were dis- 
obedient to the commandments of Jesus, despi- 
sed him and his kingdom ; on the other hand, 
paid all their respect to the world and its glo- 
ries, and finally died in their sins ? 

Father. In the same manner as the glory 
of the faithful shall be inexpressible, so will be 
the misery of the unbelievers. For the Scrip- 
ture expressly says, that the Son of God shall 
come with clouds ; and every eye shall see him, 
and they also which pierced him, and all kn> 
dreds of the earth shall wail because of him. 
Even so : Amen. Rev. i. 7. And out of great 
fear shall say to the mountains and rocks, 
Fall on us and hide us from the face of 
him that sitteth on the throne, and from the 
wrath of the Lamb. Rev. vi. 16. But all this 
will now profit them nothing ; for Christ w£H 



( 9? ) 

ieli them, Depart from me, ye cursed, into ever- 
lasting fire, prepared for the devil and his an- 
gels. Matt. xxv. 41. For they that worship the 
beast and his image shall be tormented with fire 
and brimstone in the presence of the holy an- 
gels, and in the presence of the Lamb, and the 
smoke of their torment will ascend up for ever 
and ever : and they will have no rest day nor 
night. Rev. xiv. 10, 11. For whosoever was not 
found written in the book of life, was cast into 
the lake of fire, where the worm dieth not, nei- 
ther will the fire be quenched. Rev. xx. 15. Jer. 
lxvi. 24. Yes, they will be an abhorring to all 
flesh ;. and their punishment, amidst all this 
torment will be still more aggravated, when 
they recollect that they have with such levity, 
forfeited a life thus glorious, a life which they 
will behold in the children of God, for the 
means of obtaining which they had so little re- 
spect, and in its room only yielded to sinful 
deeds. Moreover, when the righteous shall be 
seen with great cheerfulness by those who have 
given them such anxiety and rejected their doc- 
trine and faith in Jesus ; then will the damned 
fall into a terrible dismay respecting such bless- 
ings, in sorrow will they converse with each 
other, and sigh with an anxiety of spirit : that 
it is him whom we fools respected as an outcast 
and his conduct as insane. Kow is he counted 
now among the children of God, and his inheri- 
tance is among the saints. Therefore have we 
missed the ways pf righteousness. What pro- 
I 



( 98 j 

fit do we now reap from our pomp, of what 
avail now are our riches and pride ? When they 
will now seriously reflect upon all their sinful 
deeds committed in this world, without the least 
fear of God as the greatest good, which they 
should have regarded highly, and at the same 
time, consider their forfeiture of such invalua- 
ble enjoyments, a torment and misery will en- 
sue in them, which will be inexpressible. For 
they are banished from the presence of the Lord 
and all saints. 

Son. These are terrible things to listen to. 
But tell me, will these torments be eternal, and 
never come to an end ? 

Father. According to the testimony of scrip- 
ture, it appears that the smoke of their torment 
will ascend up for ever and ever. Rev. xiv. 1 1 . 
But that it is to be entirely without any termi- 
nation it saith not. Such enquiry however, to 
us will be of very little consequence. For they 
have once forfeited the glorious state of salva- 
tion, so that were even a final termination of 
punishment to take place after the long eterni- 
ties, it cannot be expected that the wicked ever 
will enjoy that, what the faithful have acquired 
in time of grace, by the obedience of Jesus. 
*Tis a great folly therefore in many, to trust to 
a restitution of all things, to take place merely 
from hear-say, which prevents them from pay- 
ing proper attention to their perilous condition, 
and to a necessary 9elf-denial. A confidence of 
this nature will vanish like a vapour, at the com- 



C 9* ) 

fnencerrtent of eternal punishment, especially 
when they will see no end to their miserable ex- 
istence. To exercise ourselves in this plain 
calling, that in time of grace we may be count- 
ed worthy to escape the wrath of God and infer- 
nal punishment, consequently is far better than 
to consider long how to return again from that 
miserable state. A thief, if apprehended, would 
receive very poor comforts from the informa- 
tion that his punishment would be subject to a 
termination. The instructions contained in the 
gospel, how to escape the wrath of God ; con- 
sequently, are far superior to those which tell 
you that everlasting torment shall come to-an 
end ; which, though a truth, is not designed to 
be preached to the ungodly. That men have 
been so far misled by their enthusiasm as at 
this day to teach and write books respecting the 
restitution of all things as they do, is much to 
be regretted. Few such faithful and wise stew- 
ards now exist, whom Jesus has made rulers of 
his household, to give them their portion of 
meat in due season. Luke xii. 42. Milk to the 
children, more nourishing food to the youth.; 
and to the perfect, meat. But on the other hand, 
there are so many faithless stewards, whom the 
Lord himself has not placed over his house- 
hold, who influenced by human wisdom, fol- 
low their own depraved minds, wishing to ap- 
peal as wise men, only pervert the Lord's de- 
sig 1 and word, whom they should give wilk, 
they serve them with meat. There the Apos- 

LofG. 



( ioo ) 

tie Paul said to the Corinthians, I have fed you 
with milk and not with meat, because ye are still 
babes in Christ and carnal. 1 Cor. iii. 1,3. The 
same case holds good in the spiritual lite, as it 
does in the natural. Should, for instance, any 
one rob a babe of its milk, and in its room place 
before it. a fine piece of roasted meat, as its 
sole nourishment, what would be the conse- 
quence but its death, however excellent the 
quality of meat otherwise might be. The same at 
these confused times unfortunately is the case 
with many, among whom even are small chil- 
dren, who at the beginning of their conversion, 
are served with meat, unfit for their capacities, 
which alas, brings on nothing but injury, con- 
fusion, and death, where on the other hand, they 
should be fed with milk, or the beginning of a 
christian life, as their proper food, to grow 
thereby as the new-born babes, as Peter recom- 
mends. 1 Pet. ii. Then, whenever these teach- 
ers and stewards have imposed upon their poor 
parishioners long enough by their fine, yet in- 
significant tone, they again leave them without 
the instructions necessary to resist the devil and 
his host. Such men, by saint Paul very justly 
have been compared to sounding brass, and a 
tinkling cymbal, 1 Cor. xiii. 1. Because they 
were without the love and doctrine of God, ne- 
cessary to keep his ordinances and command- 
ments. John xiv. 15> and 1 John v. 3. 

Son. Beloved father, I thank thee again for 
thy kind instructions^ yet as our journey soon 



101 } 

will come to an end, I will ask thee the following* 
question, namely, Understanding well, and be- 
lieving that the way to life is extremely narrow 
and small, and the temptation of the world 
great, which swarms with false spirits, teach- 
ers, and prophets ; how, under all these cir- 
cumstances, shall I conduct myself, in order to 
avoid being seduced, and to obtain eternal sal- 
vation ? 

A Parental Advice. 

Father. I will endeavor out of a parental 
love towards thee, to give thee a good and cer- 
tain advice, of which thee will always think thy 
life-time ; let it never escape thy mind, and be 
it thy principal care, wherever thee may come 
to, that all thy sighs and wishes may tend towards 
the love of God, who created thee, and Jesus 
Christ, Who redeemed thee with his precious 
blood ; and that it may be the case above all 
things in the world, whether beauty or riches, 
or whatever may come in thy sight or hearing, 
a love occupying thy whole heart, soul, and 
mind. And in this love, fear God with a filial 
obedience, meditate day and night upon his 
commandments ; keep them with a pure heart, 
let them be thy counsellors, and continually im- 
plore the Holy Ghost to guide thee in truth, in 
all the commandments of God. Let it always be 
resounding in thy ears, what David said ; 
Wherewithal! shall a young man cleanse his 

12 



( 1«2 ) 

way I By taking heed thereto according tcrthy, 
word. Ps. cxix. 9. Again : the words of the 
Lord are pure words ; as silver tried in a fur- 
nace of earth, purified seven times. Ps. xiL 6. 
Again ; The law of the Lord is perfect, convert- 
ing the soul : The testimony of the Lord is sure, 
making wise the simple. The statutes of the Lord 
are right, rejoicing the heart. The command- 
ments of the Lord are pure, enlightening the 
eyes. More to be desired are they than gold, 
yea, than much fine gold ; sweeter also than 
honey, and the honey comb. Ps. xix. 7, 8, 10. 
Moreover, let the words of Jesus always echo 
in thy mind : If a man love me, he will keep 
my words, but he that loveth me not, keepeth 
not my sayings. John xiv. 23, 24. Again : My 
sheep hear my voice and they follow me, and I 
give unto them eternal life. John x. 27, 28. 
And at the same time, think of what Jesus spake 
of his commandments, when he said, I have not 
spoken of myself, for I speak even as the Fa- 
ther said unto me, and I know that his com- 
mandment is life everlasting. John xii. 49, 50. 
And continually, keep in mind the important ad- 
vice given by Jesus to his disciples, when he 
said, Beware of false prophets, who come to 
you in sheeps clothing, but inwardly they are 
raving wolves. Matt. vii. 15. Again; Take 
heed that no man deceive you, for many shall 
come in my name, saying, I am Christ ; and 
shall deceive many. Matt. xxiv. 4, 5. Always 
keep safe thy soul in thine own hands, as the 
best of thy treasures, and at nil times walk in 



C 105 ) 

holy fear. Like David, speak to God with a pure 
heart : Concerning the works of men, by the 
words of thy lips, I have kept me from the 
paths of the destroyer* Ps. xvii. 4. And should 
thee fall into the company of men appearing to 
thee much more holy than John, a great deal 
more ardent than Eiias, abundantly more mi- 
raculous than Moses, and much more mild, 
meek and godly than even Christ himself, and 
his Apostles, an'd they do not observe the pre- 
cepts of Jesus, as laid down in the New Testa- 
ment, and wish to mislead thee in these plain 
commandments given by Jesus himself, be per- 
suaded in thy mind that they are false Apostles, 
and deceitful workmen, pay no attention to their 
gospel : be as wise as a serpent, stop thine ears 
to the charmer, and cry after Jesus as a sheep 
does after its shepherd. 

Son. It seems uncharitable and rather hard 
to me, to view men as false, who discover great 
holiness and powers, although they do not live 
agreeably to the doctrine of Jesus, but discard 
the ordinances literally written in the New Tes- 
tament. 

-Father. From the long conversation we had, 
I thought that thee had a good idea of the word 
of God, but still I shall repeat, for thy sake, se- 
veral passages in Scripture, both in the Old, as 
well its in the New Testament. When God re- 
vealed his law, through Moses, to the children 
of Israel, every one was to be put to death who 
disrespected and transgressed against it. Num. 



( 104 ) 

xv. 30, 31. Heb. x. 28. And the soul that tlocth 
ought presumptuously, and breaketh the Lord's 
commandment, that soul shall utterly be cut off": 
his iniquity shall be upon him. Thus firm wa$ 
the word of the Lprd given by Moses ; and eve- 
ry prophet who diminished ought, or added any 
thing to it, consequently was considered as false. 
But the true prophets all conducted themselves 
according to- the law, as made known by Moses. 
The false acted after their own minds, and said 
to the people, that it accorded with the will of 
the Lord. But it was all grounded upon false- 
hood. Now observe how important must be the 
doctrine, right, and commandments, introdu- 
ced into the world by the Son of God himself; 
and well confirmed, by signs, miracles, and gifts 
of the Holy Ghost. Heb. ii. 4. By the Son of 
God, by whom the Father has spoken unto us 
in these last days. Heb. i. 1, 2„ By whom also 
he made the worlds. He is the living Word, 
which was made flesh ; John i. to whom the 
leather has given all power in heaven and in 
earth. Matt, xxviii. 18. Which law is far above 
all principality, power, might, and dominion, 
not only in this world, but even also in that 
which is to come. Eph. i. 21. It is the Son of 
God, who is gone into heaven, and angels, au- 
thorities, and powers, being made subject unto 
him. I Pet. iii. 22. Now consider how much 
better, more determined, and invariably must 
the word of the Son of God be kept by all who 
believe in his doctrine^ commandments, good 



( 105 ) 

advice and laws. From this thee may easily per* 
ceive how wicked, haughty, and blind people 
must be, who despise only a single command- 
ment of Jesus. And how much more so must 
be the preachers and prophets who, with their 
own despise the wisdom of Jesus, and pursue a 
path different from what he commanded— who 
endeavor to mislead such who wish to follow Je- 
sus in his commandments, by their smooth and 
ingenuous discourses, disguised under sheep's 
clothing ; and others again threaten with con- 
finement and other prosecutions, attempting to 
hinder them from following the good advice of 
Jesus. What dost thou think ? are these not de- 
ceivers, false prophets, nay thieves, and rob- 
bers, who always climb up some other way, and 
refuse to enter the door, which is Jesus himself. 
John x. There is nothing more abominable and 
wicked in the sight of the Lord, than a mortal 
not believing in his God, his commandments, 
and prohibitions. The will of God is the only 
healing of the soul, and always will continue to 
be so. No other sanctity is discoverable both in 
the Old and New Testament. The only way 
therefore, to God for every soul, is to act agree- 
ably to his will. But to refuse Ins will with con- 
tempt, and say this and the other is not necessa- 
ry to observe, although the commandments of 
God, would be acting as his enemy ; and as St. 
John said, Whosoever ttansgresseth, and abi- 
deth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. 
2 John v. 9. But he that abideth in the doc- 



( 166 ) 

trine of Christ, he hath both the Father and Son 
Consequently I shall conclude by advising thee 
to look wholly unto Jesus the author and finish- 
er cf our faith. Heb. xii ,2, Whenever there- 
fore, thou hast received sufficient instructions in 
nis doctrine, as literally commanded in the New 
Testament,all that thou hast to do, is to continue 
firm in it, and to resolve thyself, much rather to 
lose thy life* property, and connexions, or what- 
ever ihee may possess in the whole world, than 
deviate from the doctrine of Jesus. Thou must 
accustom thyself to bear his cross continually, 
and deny thyself, or else thee cannot be his dis- 
ciple, much less an heir to his kingdom. Luke 
xiv. 27. Now may the Lord bless thy soul, in- 
crease thy faith, and strengthen thy resolution, 
that it may bear fruit to eternity, where we will 
glorify and give praise to our God, for ever. 
Amen. 



Jesus the Exterminator of Sin 

A pard'ning Lord I am, 

In love I will be found ; 
The Son of God and man, 
To heal the sinful wound. 
All isnow.gain'd, 
My death has bough}:, 
And pardon wrought, 
That thee be spar'd. 



EBERHARD LUDWIG GRUBER'S 

ENQUIRIES 

PROPOSED IN THE FORM OF 

QUESTIONS TO THE CONGREGATION 

OF THE 

NEW BAPTISTS, 

PARTICULARLY TO THAT OF WITGENSTEIN 
WITH PLAIN ANSWERS, 

ADAPTED TO THEIR IMPORT, BY ONE OF 

THEIR MEMBERS. 

■ 

BELOVED FRIENDS, 

1 Question. IS it not probable that'a thousand 
years ago the practice of true baptism was en^ 
tirely neglected, and consequently no true 
church existed in the world ? 

Answer. We believe that God always sup- 
ported his church in thft performance of true 
baptism and ordinances, but that they generally 
were concealed to unbelievers, and practised 



( 108 ) 

often only by few members. At no time howe- 
ver, could the gates of hell overcome the church 
of God ; and it is evident from history, that God 
repeatedly revealed his word to unbelievers, as 
,a witness against them. 

Question 2, But is it not possible for the di- 
vine church to exist for a certain time, even 
with only a few members, without the outward 
practise of baptism, similar to the church of Is- 
rael, without the performance of circumcision 
in the wilderness. Josh, v. 5. 

Answer. The church of Christ is not ordain- 
ed in any other manner by the great architect 
Jesus Christ, but to observe his baptism and or- 
dinances, which was confirmed by signs and mi- 
racles. It is therefore absurd to believe ia its 
existence without its having been connected 
with the performance of baptism, and such or- 
dinances as commanded by the true Author of 
Christianity. We do not deny the existence of 
such who have been drawn privately to the 
church of Christ, but will not determine whe- 
ther on the one part, they obeyed and announced 
Christ publicly, or on the other, valued the glo- 
ry of the world more than the glory of God. 
With respect to the church of Israel, we clear- 
ly see that the children were under the necessi- 
ty of bearing the reproach of Egypt and the 
transgression of their fathers ! But the moment 
they were about to enter the land of promise, 
and before the surrender of Jericho, they were 
all to be circumcised. God said therefore to Jor 



( 109 ) 

shua, v. This day have I rolled away the re- 
proach of Egypt from off you : and then they 
were permitted to keep the passover. That it 
were not permitted before, was intended as a 
figure upon us. For as long as we walked in the 
wilderness, great disorder and uncertainty, 
although removed from Egypt, and saved from 
the practice of the more coarse sin by the migh- 
tv hand of God, we could not enter the house 
of God, and break the bread in the communion 
of Jesus and his members. God however, re- 
quires that we should be baptized, and will do 
so, although in private, if we will but regard the 
internal view, and follow it with a proper self- 
denial. 

Question 3. But do tell us whether the 
church of God entirely has ceased to exist du- 
ring the time when the first institution of bap- 
tism ceased to be observed ? 

Answer. Had this first institution of baptism 
ceased to exist, the same would have been the 
case with the church of Christ. 'Tis true, we 
cannot call it a church where devout persons in 
such times are distributed here and there upon 
the face of the earth ; but we do believe, and 
think it may be shewn from ancient history, that 
primitive baptism as instituted by Christ, never 
has ceased to exist, consequently the same was 
the case with the church although the number 
was but few. 

Question 4. How do you compare this with 
the promise of Christ, Matt. !. IS, that even 



( no ) 

111* gates of hell shall not prevail against his 
church, and xxviii. 20, that he will he with his 
disciples always, even unto the end of the 
world ? 

Answer, This of itself is proof enough, and 
we helieve that the gates of hell never have pre- 
vailed against the church of Christ ; but it has 
continued, and will continue even unto the end 
of the world. 

Question 5. What do you think of the un- 
deniable messengers of truth who have from 
the time of several centuries been remarkable 
for their exemplary piety ; are they to be ex- 
cluded as members of Christ and his united con- 
gregation, or true church in the existence of the 
Spirit, merely because they have not been bap- 
tized agreeably to the first institution ? 

Answer. Christ says, Matt. vii. by the fruits 
ye shall know the tree ; we do not believe that 
the publishing of fine books and prophesying 
alone, constitute the fruits of a good christian, 
whereby we shall know him, and therefore can- 
not respect them as constituting the church of 
Christ for these good acts alone, unless they ac- 
tually observed the doctrine of Christ in bap- 
tism, and other ordinances, as he commanded. 
As, however, we were unacquainted with these 
people we will not judge them, but leave them 
to God, as for what they have written or spoken, 
will not make us suspect the gospel of Christ. 

Question 6. Are you not of opinion that the 
-eremony of baptism, having been so long upon 



( Mi ) 

the decline again are to be resumed in these lat- 
ter times and for what reason? or rather, that the 
all wise God permitted the decline of this cere- 
mony as not essential to Christianity, similar to 
the entire repeal of circumcision under the 
former covenant as insufficient to perfection, 
and in its room to establish for his children a 
new economy purely spiritual as corresponding 
with all prophetic promises ? 

Answer. We are of opinion, and believe as 
the apostle says, Heb. vii. 12, that as long as the 
priesthood be not changed, there is no necessity 
for changing the law ; for as long as the Jewish 
priesthood continued in force, so long no body- 
was permitted to abolish the law of circumci- 
sion without incurring the punishment and dis- 
pleasure of God : but the moment Christ came 
he established as the eternal High Priest and 
Son of God a spiritual law, annulled the first as 
incompetent of making perfect, brought about 
an eternal salvation, pointed out the way to the 
Holy of Holies, and confirmed his will or testa- 
ment with his blood, so that we believe and ac- 
knowledge, that though an angel from heaven 
preach a'ny other gospel, he is to be accursed 
agreeable to the evidence of Gal. i. 8. We 
therefore believe with St. Paul, 2 Thess. i. 7.8, 
that the practice of the doctrine of Jesus the 
crucified, is strictly to be observed until he shall 
be revealed from heaven, and take vengeance in 
flaming fire on them, that have not obeyed his 



( It* ) 

gospel. Unbelievers, however, arc excluded 
from any of these commandments. 

Question 7. Do you not equally perceive and 
acknowledge that in case of the re-establish- 
ment of baptism, as well as in its first institu- 
tion, an immediate divine calling* becomes re- 
quisite, similar to what has happened all times 
in such great church reformations as we may 
learn from history and general confessions ? 

Jjisvjc7\ We deny by no means the neces- 
sity of an immediate divine calling and instiga- 
tion for executing the doctrine of Jesus ; but 
whether it is always to be confirmed and mani- 
fested to men with signs and miracles we will 
not determine, but leave it to that all-wise God, 
of whom alone it was derived, however con- 
trary it may be to belief of man. 

Question S. Can any one of you venture to 
declare upon his death bed, or the day of judg- 
ment, that he received of God such an immedi- 
ate calling as to re-establish an institution of 
baptism so long neglected, and hereupon earth 
wholly a new church of Christ, similar to which 
none existed ever since the time of the apos- 
tles and the first christians ? 

Ans%ver. As the Pharisees sent out messen- 
gers from Jerusalem to John, to know whether 
he were Christ or that prophet because he bap- 
tized ? He answered, I indeed baptize you with 
water unto repentance, but one mightier than I 
,cometh, who shall baptize you with the Holy 
Ghost and with fire. In the same plain man? 



( m ) 

B^r do we baptize with water upon the faith in 
Christ, who in these days causes his voice to be 
heard of men. O! that we might follow and know 
him perfectly, he then alone would govern us, 
and build up, sanctify and cleanse his church 
with the washing of water by the word, Eph. 
v. 26. consequently no humble man will boldly 
declare that he received a message from God to 
establish a sect ; such an honor he will return 
-to him, and although God employs some as par- 
ticular instruments, we are nevertheless called 
upon to examine their authority, as John said, 
chap. iii. 34. for he whom God hath sent speak- 
eth the words of God. 

Question 9. In what consists this his imme-. 
diate calling, and how will he apply it, to the 
hearts and consciences of either those still be- 
longing to particular sects, or those that left 
them for their external or internal conviction. 

Answer* It consists in the certainty instilled 
into man by the spirit of God, that he is possess- 
ed of its powerful influence and is not discou- 
raged about others not believing it as Christ 
said himself, John vi. 43, 44. murmur not 
among yourselves ; no man can come to me, 
except the Father, which hath sent me, draw 
him. The same is the case still, for no man 
can truly receive the doctrine of Christ unless 
he proves obedient to the drawing of the Fath- 
er, and in that case will easily know the called 
and the chosen 



( rti ) 

Question 10. Are we not justified in 
supposition, that, if this work proceeded from 
God, and you received for that purpose such an 
immediate divine GaHiiig, thousands continu. 

aid have accepted it, like what happened on 
the iirst penticost in the New Testament, sub- 
ject to that evidence of the Spirit and power of 
Jesus Christ in and upon the Apostles of the 
-d? 

Jhiaw'&i Christ said, Malth. xxiv. to his 
disciples, alluding principally to the present 
time to take heed that no man deceive them ; 
he says by no means that in these troublesome 
times, (in which we are sorry to say we exist, 
where love has grown cold) many thousands 
will follow his doctrine, not even the faithful 
themselves are so very apt to follow Jesus truly, 
where they must deny every thing for his sake; 
Christ on the contrary rather commanded to 
flee to the mountains, whenever in these times 
the abomination of desolation shall be manifest- 
ed, to the doctrine of Jesus Christ the crucified, 
which is elevated and esteemed with all the 
faithful, and is the city of the living God and 
mount Sion, of which is written in Heb. xii. 
whereto at all times the faithful have taken re- 
fuge, and many cannot convey, even carry with 
them their wives and children, as was the case 
with Lot, although called upon by an angel to 
flee from destruction, his friends ridiculed him 
for that act, yes even was forced to leave behind 

■ wife j for winch purpose Christ very env 



( 115 

piratically says to his disciples, Luke xvii. Re- 
member Lot's wife. 

Question 11. Is baptism by water so abso- 
lutely requisite for the salvation of every person, 
that he cannot do without it, however great 
his faith may be and unexceptionable his con- 
duct ? 

Answer. We acknowledge and believe in a 
promise made in the New Testament to the 
faithful for their exclusive enjoyment of bless- 
ing and salvation ; and how they always were in- 
clined we see in Abraham the father of all 
faithful, proving obedient to God in every 
commandment. For this purpose he obtained 
the promise on account of his living faith, 
which produced acts of obedience. According 
to our idea, if a man lives in a pious and unex- 
ceptionable manner, and this life be imprinted 
by true faith in Christ, acts of baptism as origi- 
nating from obedience of faith cannot but be ea- 
sier than sacrificing his son proved to Abraham. 
But if a man still disputes with his God, and 
says, of what benefit can the water be to me, 
his piety will amount to nothing else than a self 
righteousness, which like the Jews he wishes 
to establish, of which Paul mentions, Rom. x. 
and for such a self piety no promise of salvation 
exists ; but whosoever believes in Christ the 
end of all laws is justified, and faith in him cre- 
ates obedience towards all his commandments. 

Question 12. Is not rather the contrary evi- 
dent from the principal passage in Mark; xvi. 



C 116 ) 

16. where Christ so emphatically declares, he 
that believeth not and be not baptized shall be 
damned ? 

Answer. According to our belief and con- 
fession no promise of eternal life is the result 
of baptism only but of faith, John iii. Why then 
should a faithful person refuse to act agreeably 
to the command of him in whom hs be- 
lieves. Christ enjoins upon the faithful to be 
baptized, and out of love towards him he con- 
forms with his precepts. If so be the case and 
believes as Christ wishes him to do, he is saved 
although from necessity he could not be bap- 
tized. The same was the case with Abraham, 
who obtained the blessing for his faith, although 
he did not sacrifice his son Isaac, whom he was 
commanded to sacrifice, yet proved to be obedi- 
ent as far as he waspermitted. Therefore if abe- 
liever wishes to be baptized and from necessity 
be unable to obtain it, still he is saved, similar to 
the thief on the cross. But if a person can obtain 
it, and refuses, he, will be classed with the 
unfaithful and disobedient, not on account of 
baptism, but of his infidelity and disobedience. 
With much propriety therefore, Christ said he 
that believeth : if on the other hand he had con- 
nected salvation with water, people should bp 
much more willing to be baptized, and retain 
old Adam, as is the case with the anti-christian 
who places salvation in water, however ill a per- 
son's conduct may accord with his profession. 



( 117 ) 

Question 13. If baptism by water be thus 
absolutely necessary, why has Christ been so 
silent on this head in his sermons of blessings 
in the mount, Matth. v. and in the description 
of his last judgment, Matth. ,.:xv. especially 
when he gave such a particular account of the 
faithful and unfaithful and their rewards ? 

nver: It is astonishing how little we un- 
derstand the real design of God ; 'tis true Christ 
speaks of many blessings, MattJu v. but with 
equal propriety might we enquire of whom 
these blessings are obtained ; Christ says, bless- 
ed are the meek, now attend how he calls upon 

faithful, Matth. xi. Come unto me and learn 
of me. We therefore acknowledge Christ to be 
the only Saviour, and whoever wishes to be- 
come as blessed, as he preaches, Matth. v. ne- 
cessarily must become his disciple in true faith, 
end as passive as clay in the hand of the potter, 
for it is he who will make all things new, to 
whom all the prophets have given directions ; 
even the Father himself recommended his Son. 
Thus Christ the Saviour and real physician, 
thinking baptism to be essential to the faithful, 

ilence towards this commandment for the 
purpose of salvation becomes requisite, how- 
ever blessed he pronounces these, Matth. xxv. 
who fed and clothed him, without mentioning 
any thing of the new man or regeneration of 
which he spoke, John iii. that none can enter 
the kingdom of God with regeneration, where 
he was silent of visiting him in his confinement 



( 113 ) 

or feeding his members. Who therefore can 
take them to be unregcnerated or unfaithful, 
whom hfc blesses, for their external deeds, we 
expect none ; who then would take them to be 
clespisers of baptism by water ; we> beiive none 
of them will be found to exist among them, 
though numbers will be there who were not 
baptized, not out of contempt but of necessity. 

Question 14. How will you prove John the. 
Baptist to have been baptized, even though he 
said to Christ, Matth. iii. 14. I have need to 
fee baptized of thee, and comest thou to me ? 
or whether he had been saved by a particular 
exception without baptism by water ? 

Answer. In the same manner we might en- 
quire where Peter and John had been baptized or 
where such and such a saint in the Old Testa- 
ment had been circumcised, anymore questions 
might be started than were essential to godly 
edification as Paul mentioned* 1 Tim. i. that 
men existed who gave heed to fables and end- 
less genealogies. Patience however shall be 
the guide in our replies. John for instance 
greatly sought for baptism being performed on 
himself by Christ, which faith agreeably to scrip- 
ture, paves the way to salvation and not external 
baptism. Although we have no literal expres- 
sion in the scripture of his having been baptized, 
yet will not discover him to have been a des- 
piser of that institution. He will not be found 
among those who say, of what consequence can 
the water be, but has proved his faith in Christ 



( 119 ) 

like Abraham did towards God in the offering 
of his son ; the son was not made an offering, 
but obedience was fulfilled 

Question 15. Are they all lost and to be 
damned who died in the time of the first Christ- 
ians without their baptism, however well they 
might have observed the other christian pre- 
cepts, and in part shed their blood on that ac- 
count, and either from ignorance or even for 
want of an higher impulse remained satisfied 
with the mere christening in their infancy ? 

Answer, If their case were similar to Abra- 
ham's, in offering up. his son Isaac, namely, 
were they possessed of that faith in Christ, the 
only foundation of the christian religion, cer- 
tainly they are in a happy condition, however 
in the time of persecution or for other reasons, 
they might have been prevented from receiving 
baptism. But if on the other hand, they were 
prejudiced in favor of that baptism received 
during their infancy, it shews that they still 
Were ignorant in the elements of christian re- 
ligion, of course did not live up to their pro- 
fession, and scarcely obtained that new man, 
who alone is acceptable in the sight of God.... 
However we will not pretend to judge those 
who have lived many years ago, but leave that 
business to their God ; but to people at present 
refusing baptism, and pleading ignorance, will 
be of no account at the great day. 

Question 16. Is not the commandment of 
baptism as closely connected with children as 



J 120 

t of circumcision was in the Old Testament, 
Therefore are they not, as long as they have not 
been baptized, in danger of loosing their salva- 
tion and incurring damnation after, their death ? 

Answer. As little as circumcision was ne- 
cessary to children before the eighth day, which 
before that time would have been an absolute 
transgression of the commandment as little is 
baptism ordained for believers, essential to 
children, unable to acknowledge their faith, to 
which the eighth day of circumcison bears re- 
ference. 

Question 17. Were children under the old 
covenant lost for want of circumcision ? and 
how are the words of comfort by David, 2 Sam, 
xii. 23. to be regarded with respect to his child, 
begotten of Bathsheba, who died on tjbe seventh 
clay ? 

Answer. Male children who have died be- 
fore the eighth day, have transgressed the law of 
circumcision as little as girls who were not at 
all circumcised preventing them in no degree 
of obtaining salvation. 

Enoch led a godly life, lived to be many hun- 
dred.years old, and was not circumcised, for he 
received no commandment for that purpose, yet 
proved to be obedient to God ; thus in divine 
commandments, where no law exist, there is no 
offence, and where no offence is committed 
there is no punishment. 

Question 18. When is the proper time to 
baptize children \ and have w T e not to use every 



.(~ 121 

exertion to promote their baptism as early as 
possible although prevented in their infancy } 

Answer. Children are to be offered up to 
Jesus, by prayer ; but as to their baptism, we are 
to wait, till they can believe with the heart, and 
confess with their mouth, which may be called 
their eighth day or their first day of the new man 
at any earlier period, that is in their state of ig- 
norance would correspond, to circumcision, if 
performed by the Jews before the eighth day, 
which would have been a presumption, rather 
than an obedience. 

Question 19. Are not children susceptible of 
faith, agreeable jto Luke I. 4 1,44. Matt, xviii. 3. 6. 
Luke xviii. 16. 17. 1 Cor. 7. 14. &x. and con* 
sequently of baptism, however incapable thejr 
might be of confessing it bywords, similar to 
what is the case with adults. Although agrea- 
ble to Mark xvi. 16. Faith is move essential 
than a mere confession by words, even if con- 
nected with baptism ? 

Answer. In scripture we have about John* 
this only instance that he was moved in the 
womb by the Holy Ghost, because he was to be a 
child of the promise, and a harbinger to the 
Lord, yet in that condition, circumcision would 
have been impracticable ; but after he was born, 
they still deferred circumcision, until the eighth 
day, of course the motion of St. John, would not 
repeal the law of God, with respect to circum- 
cision ; for like other children he was to be cir- 
cumcised on the eighth day. The same is, the 

L 



( 122 > 

case with baptism, that where the children of 
believers moved in the womb, a postponement 
of baptism naturally would take place until their 
birth, even then it could not be permitted until 
they are moved by the Holy Ghost, to desire 
performance. This privilege then corres- 
ponds with the testimony of Christ as may 
be seen in Matt. iii. which is to spring 
from true faith in him, otherwise baptism in a 
child could be of no conseqiience, for salvation 
is not connected with simple water, but with 
faith which is to be announced by love and obe- 
dience. 

Question. 2*0. Does it not militate against the 
evangelical cast of the new covenant, to respeol 
a6 absolutely necessary to salvation, an external 
ceremony of this kind ; and would it not he 
similar to the doctrine of the old law stick- 
lers, against whom Paul has written with 
such emphasis in his epistles to the Galatians 
and Collossians. 

Answer. We view external baptism in no 
other light, than as commanded by Scripture ; 
according to which, believers being alone, 
are entitled to baptism, we respect it as dis- 
obedient in them to oppose any of the com- 
mandments of God, and a disobedience, towards 
the least, even of baptism is punishable. View- 
ing however, without disrespect, the power of 
the commander ; we are not allowed to estimate 
any of his commandments, as small or trifling 
notwithstanding Paul's account tothe Gallatians, 



( 12.3 ) 

#r?d Collossians, respecting the laws of Moses, 
as insufficient for salvation &x. which the Gal- 
latians observed for the purpose of escaping the 
cross of Christ and viewing his doctrine as of se- 
condary moment Paul however lays great stress 
upon the practice of baptism, when he says ; as 
many of you as have been baptized, have put on 
Christ. Gal. iii. 27. which shews that Paul has 
not been against, but in favor of baptism. 

Question, 21. Do you not institute anew spe- 
cies of popery, by enforcing baptism as abso- 
lutely necessary to salvation, a»d thereby lay a 
greater stress upon works, than upon faith ? 

Answer. It has been sufficiently proved, that 
we do not expect to obtain salvation by mere 
deeds, but alone by the faith in Jesus, which if 
true must effect acts of obedience. Where 
however no such faith of obedience exists, (not 
after the popish doctrine, and commandments, 
but after that) of Jesus the crucified, upon 
whom we depend for salvation, and npt upon 
any thing we can do. 

Question. 22. Is the state of external disci- 
pline, essential to the church of Christ, since 
he himself did enforce it upon wicked Juda*s 
who betrayed him ? 

Answer. External discipline is indispensibly 
necessary in the church of Christ, as long as it 
exists in this miserable world, amidst the 
combat of wolves and bad spirits. No congre- 
gation of the Lord therefore, can exist without 
a scriptural discipline, otherwise the devil, with 



( 124 . ) 

his leaven, would soon destroy all good ; true 
believers never could refuse such salutary pre- 
servatives, and has always been viewed by them 
as the grace, and cure of providence, and usdd 
it as a strong fortification, to secure the congre- 
gation of the Lord. With respect to Judas, we 
are pursuaded that Christ has gone the full 
length of excommunication of consigning him 
to Satan in such a manner, that he hanged him- 
self ; that he was not excommunicated previous 
to the outward act, is not against, but much in 
its favor. This perfectly corresponds with the 
word of God ; Adam for instance, upon his in- 
tercourse with Satan, was not expelled from 
Paradise, until eating the forbidden fruit, long 
before had Judas been pregnant with thoughts 
of betraying Jesus. But Jesus in his meekness, 
bore with, and exciting him to repentance, 
until the will predominated and ended in his 
destruction. 

Question 23. Has not the binding and loos- 
ening, been a peculiar privilege of the Apostles, 
exclusively, and not the province of any of the 
present day ? 

Answer. That such a privilege, was the pre- 
rogative of the Apostles is true, but in the same 
manner, had Moses a privilege of manifesting 
the law, to the house of Israel. It did not how- 
ever die away with Moses, so as to exclude his 
posterity, who were faithful to God, from sub- 
jecting themselves, in obedience to similar acts. 
In the same manner has Christ, the true "Stew- 



( >25 J 

ajcd himself instituted a congregation an.d house, 
and given hisApostles as the pre-elected witness- 
es the privilege to keep order in that house, and 
confirmed it by signs and miracles, that posteri- 
ty may not from either prejudice or pride, cre- 
ate other institutions ; but willingly subject 
themselves to such ordinances a.« commanded 
to the Apostles, or time Stewards, over the 
mysteries of God's house. The privilege of ex- 
communication as commanded by Christ origi- 
nally belonged to the Apostles. Believers there- 
fore are equally commanded to observe it with- 
out any respect of person. 

Question 24. Did not Christ institute a ge- 
neral law for the church of the New Testament 
in the words of Matt, xviii. 17, or rather spoke 
of the state of the Jewish church, and gave his 
disciples in other respects in the following 2 1st 
and 2 2d verses, quite a different lesson ? 

Answer. That Christ instituted a general 
law for his church, agreeably to Matt, xviii. 17, 
has been shewn above. The foHowing 21st and 
22d verses contain no repeal, but rather a con- 
firmation of that law. The 4th verse of Luke 
stvii, therefore perfectly sanctions our position, 
wluen Christ gave this charge, that if thy bro- 
ther trespass against thee seven times in a day, 
and seven times in a day turn again to thee say- 
ing, I repent, thou shalt forgive him. Without 
a confession therefore, no remission of sin is 
granted, not even by God. It follows then that 
believers must be governed by the same readi-'' 

I ° 



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ncss of forgiving the sinner for the confession 
of his sin, but on the contrary, must observe ex- 
communication in conformity with what Christ 
says, Matt, xxviii. Teach them to observe all 
things whatsoever I have commanded you : 
and, Lo, I am with you alway unto the end of 
the world. 

Question 25. Did ever the Apostles prohibit 
to render to the excommunicated the necessa- 
ry means of subsistence, both bodily and spi- 
ritual ? 

Answer. Never have they refused such 
means : on the contrary, are we commanded to 
preach to the exiled repentance, and our release 
from this, only can be warranted by their un- 
willingness to hear or accept of it. In like man- 
ner, should we possess an overflow of natural 
goods, and the exiled stands in need, then shall 
we contribute to his necessities. 

Question 26. Like the banishment made use- 
of by the Apostles, was evier the method of the 
new baptists attended by the same godly effect? 

Answer. . We firmly believe that «all those 
we excommunicate agreeably to God's word, in 
some measure are sensible of its impression, as 
to their interior, in this world, and, unless re- 
pentance interceding, will be still more so, as 
to their exterior, on the great day of judgment. 
But that every one, like Ananias, immediately 
after fall dead to the ground, has not happened ; 
and only this instance is recorded among the 
Apostles, however frequently afterwards they 



( W ) 

had recourse with many, to similar means'; 
which doubtless produced in them effects in 
other instances sufficiently powerful. 

. Question 27. Is true regeneration insepara- 
bly connected with baptism by simple water ? 

Answer. Actual regeneration is nothing else 
than true obedience towards God in all his com- 
mandments, and a regenerate readily will say 
with Christ, Matt. iii. for thus it becometh us 
to fulfil all righteousness. With assurance 
therefore, can we reply that the will or obedi- 
ence towards baptism by water is inseparable 
from true regeneration, although from necessity, 
and not contempt or disobedience, baptism were 
to be omitted ; in that case, only regeneration 
would not be injurious. 

Question 28. Are all those whom you bap- 
tize born of the truth in God ? 

Answer. A fine thing indeed it would be, 
if they all were regenerate whom we baptize, 
which was not the case even with Christ and 
his Apostles, that all their disciples turned out 
to be of a good cast. But where true faith ex- 
ists, and the word be accepted in faith, a true 
sanctification or cleansing ensues with the wash- 
ing of water, by the word, as represented in 
Eph. v. 26. 

Question 29. Can none actually be regene- 
rated before he be baptized : for baptism by 
water itself, you l^now, cannot impart true re- 
generation ? 



( ^ 8 ) 

Answer. Adam was created in Paradise after 
God's image ; when be proved disobedient, 
he lost all his beauties, and incurred nothing but 
malediction and death. Thus a person may be 
regenerated to a considerable extent previous 
to baptism, but unless lie advances in acts of 
obedience, he may easily lose again what he 
once obtained. This we think proves the ne- 
cessity of obedience towards Jesus, in the nou- 
rishment and growth of the new man. Should 
he refuse this meat actually necessary for him, 
John iv. 34, and eat the food of the serpent* 
which is disobedience and every species of craf- 
tiness against the word, his fate will be the 
same as that of Adam in Paradise, Since there- 
fore the commandment of baptism originates 
with Christ, the regenerated man must submit 
to it in obedience, and fulfil this righteousness. 

Questio?i 30. Does not the true brotherhood 
of the christians ground itself upon regenera- 
tion rather than upon baptism by water ? 

Answer, The brotherhood of the christian's 
resulting always from true faith and obedience 
towards Jesus and his gospel, therefore brothers 
in Christ never can deny the propriety of exter- 
nal baptism. They saw it in their first born bro- 
ther, who commanded them so to do, and de- 
clared them only his brothers who do the will 
of God his Father. Matt. xii. 50. 

Question 31. Are not such to be truly esti- 
mated as brothers who in feet bare the fruits df 



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regeneration before God and man, although not 
baptized of anew. See Matt. xii. 24, 50. 

Answer. We view them only as brothers 
who before God and man actually bare fruits of 
regeneration, and these doubtless are not averse 
to baptism by water ; on the contrary, suffer 
themselves to be baptized according to their 
faith and internal evidence. Christ only ac- 
knowledged them as his brothers that were his 
disciples, and were baptized, which you will 
discover in Matt. xii. 49, 50. 

Question 3-2. Can you declare before Jesus 
Christ as the all- wise Judge of the living and 
the dead, that you are all of one mind and ac- 
cord ? 

Answer. God requires none to be of this 
character and none to be perfect. We may and 
shall be perfect in will, but in practice it will be 
impossible. May our efforts therefore all be di- 
rected to that pursuit until we all come to the 
unity of faith and fulness of Christ, as written in 
Eph. iv. 13. No person can say that the con- 
gregation at Jerusalem were all of one accord 
unto perfection. We know that in the beginning 
they were all willing to follow Christ in renoun- 
cing their earthly all, but how they afterwards 
differed in point of knowledge, we may clearly 
perceive in the Acts xv. Some there were who 
disagreed considerably with the Apostles in 
point of circumcision, and the Apostles had 
great work to effect a proper unity. Upon the 

( 



( rso y 

whole, it is astonishing to look for such com- 
plete unity in these days of darkness and obscu- 
rity ; when many, boasting of internal spiritual 
baptism, still disagree and evince such uncer- 
tainty and discord, respecting the clear com- 
mandments of baptism, and other principal ar- 
ticles of faith. 

Question 33. Do you not regard your congre- 
gation as superior to other baptists, either in 
the present or former ages ; and if so, in what 
respect, and why ? 

Answer. The reason why we regard our 
congregation as superior to the baptists in ge- 
neral, of the present day is, that as far as we 
know, they evidently differ far from the doc- 
trine and deeds of former baptists ; and al- 
though we had no general acquaintance of their 
life, we can nevertheless vouch for their doc- 
trine to be perfectly similar to ours, and not 
contrary to the gospel. 

Question 34. How does your new establish- 
ed congregation correspond with the Aposto- 
lic in point of baptism, excommunication, Sec. 
principally since yours is dissimilar in divide 
calling, gift, and effect ? 

Answer. With respect to the power of per- 
forming miracles, we regard ourselves still as 
very inferior, and far from that of the Apostles, 
and we must implore God to make us similar tp 
the doctrine and wiH of his Son Jesus, and his 
Apostles. 



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Question 35. Can your teachers and officers 
acknowledge before God and the testimony of 
their conscience that the Holy Ghost instituted 
them to be bishops in your congregations, to 
feed them as the flocks of God ; and whether 
they possess the divine gifts requisite for a god^ 
ly life, as will appear in 2 Cor. vi. &c ? 

Answer. True shepherds must bring to God 
an account of this nature. But they must not be 
disheartened at the infidelity of men ; on the 
contrary, they must rejoice when their names 
are cast out as evil. Luke vi. 22, 

Question 36. Were many of you not far more 
kind, mild, humble, Sec. before baptism than af- 
ter that ceremony ? 

Answer. To this our reply is, No ; unless 
you allude to those who, like the dry branches 
were separated, and affected by outward love, 
where bread and favors were the objects of their 
hypocrisy, where they threw off the restraint of 
sin and error, and where their request is an- 
nounced to leave them undisturbed in their own 
will, opinion, and action, for which they will re- 
turn the same love and brotherhood. Should 
this be alluded to, we readily acknowledge it to 
have been the case as long as we were among 
the pietists. But now we have learned and still 
must learn the exercise of such a love, which 
hates corruption and punishes evil. 

Question 37. Have you not begun, and to 
this day continued your new method of bapti- 



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sing with a great deal of uncertainty and incon- 
stancy, and sometimes rejected the use of mar- 
riage, and at others sanctioned it ; sometimes 
desisted from seeking a livelihood, and after- 
wards again changed this intention ? 

Answer, We began the baptism of the Lord 
with a great deal of faithful certainty, and to this 
day, among so many difficulties has God pre- 
served us in such a noble undertaking ; he ren- 
dered us firm by his grace that those who be- 
lieved according to our adopted rule, may be 
baptized That however we still stood in need 
of consulting ourselves in points of marrying 
and working is true, although not so much than 
was asserted, for we were counted before our 
baptism, while among the Pietists as learned, 
from such who were esteemed as great saints ; 
of course had great work to reject the error we 
once received. 

Question 38. By what sign may we know 
the undoubted godliness of your new congre- 
gation before any other in the world ? 

Answer, We have no hew congregation nor 
laws ; our only wish is to remain in the old, in 
faith and simplicity, as instituted by Christ, 
through his blood ; and follow the command- 
ment which was in. the beginning. We are not 
anxious of appearing in that undoubted godli- 
ness, but rather wish that it may be perceived 
first in Christ himself, and afterwards in the 
congregation at Jerusalem. Should their god- 






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liness, doctrine, words, and commandments be 
discovered to be of that cast, we may then 
search for a similar among other congregations. 
This being the case, we think it is sufficient to 
give such the preference to any other in the 
world, principally if like a faithful wife, that 
congregation be dbedient to Christ her husband 
in all his commandments, and exert herself to 
become more so. But whoever does not know 
Christ in the divinity of his commandments, 
undoubtedly will be insensible of his congrega- 
tion, even if it be headed by the twelve Apos- 
tles as Bishops and ministers. 



THE END, 



